Extract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently the third most common cause of death, worldwide [1]. Tobacco smoke (TS) is the main risk factor for COPD in developed countries, but biomass smoke (BMS) exposure is the leading cause in developing countries, particularly in women [2].
Abstract
Biomass and functional small airway disease http://ow.ly/gXu730abpKu
Acknowledgements
L. Fernandes developed the study protocol, performed statistical analysis, interpreted data and wrote the manuscript. N. Gulati undertook patient recruitment, co-supervised CT acquisition, performed statistical analysis and interpreted data. Y. Fernandes supervised CT acquisition and assisted with quantitative CT standardisation. A.M. Mesquita co-developed the protocol, co-wrote the manuscript and acted as scientific advisor. M. Sardessai co-developed the protocol and acted as scientific advisor. J-W.J. Lammers critically reviewed the manuscript and provided a scientific critique of the data. F.A. Mohamed Hoesein provided PRM data and CT scans from female patients in the Netherlands cohort, critically reviewed the manuscript and provided a scientific critique of the data. N.H.T. ten Hacken critically reviewed the manuscript and provided a scientific critique of the data. M. van den Berge provided PRM data and CT scans from female patients in the Netherlands cohort, critically reviewed the manuscript and provided a scientific critique of the data. C.J. Galbán developed the PRM algorithm, analysed CT images using the PRM approach and provided a scientific critique of the data. S. Siddiqui helped L. Fernandes prepare the manuscript, influenced the study design (addition of the Groningen cohort), analysed the data with L. Fernandes and provided a scientific critique of the data. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Footnotes
Support statement: This study was supported by the Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, Goa Medical College, India, and by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the NIHR or the Dept of Health. The cohort from the Netherlands was supported by Top Institute Pharma project T1-108 “Acute and chronic inflammatory responses – COPD and smoking”, with partners University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute Groningen, University Medical Center Utrecht, Nycomed BV, GlaxoSmithKline and Foundation TI Pharma. Funding information for this article has been deposited with the Crossref Funder Registry.
Conflict of interest: Disclosures can be found alongside this article at openres.ersjournals.com
- Received November 14, 2016.
- Accepted February 19, 2017.
- Copyright ©ERS 2017
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