TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the efficacy of cisplatin–etoposide and the role of thoracic radiotherapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation in LCNEC JF - ERJ Open Research JO - erjor DO - 10.1183/23120541.00128-2016 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 00128-2016 AU - Arsela Prelaj AU - Sara Elena Rebuzzi AU - Gabriella Del Bene AU - Julio Rodrigo Giròn Berrìos AU - Alessandra Emiliani AU - Lucilla De Filippis AU - Alessandra Anna Prete AU - Silvia Pecorari AU - Gaia Manna AU - Carla Ferrara AU - Daniele Rossini AU - Flavia Longo Y1 - 2017/01/01 UR - http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/3/1/00128-2016.abstract N2 - In small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), the role of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is well established. Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) shares several clinicopathological features with SCLC, but its optimal therapy is not defined. We evaluated clinical response and survival outcomes of advanced LCNEC treated in first-line therapy compared with SCLC.72 patients with stage III–IV LCNEC (n=28) and extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) (n=44) received cisplatin–etoposide with/without thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) and prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI).Comparing LCNEC with SCLC, we observed similar response rates (64.2% versus 59.1%), disease control rates (82.1% versus 88.6%), progression-free survival (mPFS) (7.4 versus 6.1 months) and overall survival (mOS) (10.4 versus 10.9 months). TRT and PCI in both histologies showed a benefit in mOS (34 versus 7.8 months and 34 versus 8.6 months, both p=0.0001). LCNEC patients receiving TRT showed an improvement in mPFS and mOS (12.5 versus 5 months, p=0.02 and 28.3 versus 5 months, p=0.004), similarly to ES-SCLC. PCI in LCNEC showed an increase in mPFS (20.5 versus 6.4 months, p=0.09) and mOS (33.4 versus 8.6 months, p=0.05), as in ES-SCLC.Advanced LCNEC treated with SCLC first-line therapy has a similar clinical response and survival outcomes to ES-SCLC.Cisplatin–etoposide is an efficient treatment for large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. RT and PCI improve survival. http://ow.ly/sBJo309HG8s ER -