%0 Journal Article %A Sébastien Celle %A Emilia Sforza %A Florian Chouchou %A Jean-Claude Barthélémy %A Frédéric Roche %T Relationship between sleep apnoea and brain in elderly: effect of CPAP treatment %D 2017 %R 10.1183/23120541.sleepandbreathing-2017.P24 %J ERJ Open Research %P P24 %V 3 %N suppl 1 %X Background After 15 years of research about the link between sleep apnea and brain structure, no clear evidence can be noticed. In the same way, the influence of treatment is unclear, particularly in elderly.Aims and objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the grey matter differences related to sleep apnea and treatment in elderly subjects.Methods Twenty healthy (HC), 18 treated (TP) and 16 untreated AHI>30 (UP) subjects from the PROOF study were compared by using voxel based-morphometry. If available, the volume of the discovered clustres are calculated for further analyses. Moreover 226 subjects from the same study were evaluated based on their apnea/hypopnea index.Results We did not notice any grey matter difference between HC and UP or between HC and TP. However we observed a higher volume of GM in TP compared to UP in cerebellum ([38 -50 -38], 121 voxels, pFWE(peak)=0.03, pFWE(cluster)=0.02) (Figure 1). When extracted, the volume of this cluster is different between HC and TP (p=0.005), between HC and UP (p=0.036) and between TP and UP (p<0.001). VBM linear regression did not show any association with local GM and AHI.Conclusions Our study confirm that grey matter decrease in sleep apnea is limited in elderly. The role of cerebellum is unclear, even though some studies observed a similar reduction in apneic subjects. Moreover, in this elderly population, we did not observe any grey matter difference in the hippocampus which is sometimes supposed to be involved in sleep apnea. %U