RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Cytokine responses to two common respiratory pathogens in children are dependent on interleukin-1β
JF ERJ Open Research
JO erjor
FD European Respiratory Society
SP 00025-2017
DO 10.1183/23120541.00025-2017
VO 3
IS 4
A1 Alice C-H. Chen
A1 Yang Xi
A1 Melanie Carroll
A1 Helen L. Petsky
A1 Samantha J. Gardiner
A1 Susan J. Pizzutto
A1 Stephanie T. Yerkovich
A1 Katherine J. Baines
A1 Peter G. Gibson
A1 Sandra Hodge
A1 Ian B. Masters
A1 Helen M. Buntain
A1 Anne B. Chang
A1 John W. Upham
YR 2017
UL http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/3/4/00025-2017.abstract
AB Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) in young children is a common cause of prolonged wet cough and may be a precursor to bronchiectasis in some children. Although PBB and bronchiectasis are both characterised by neutrophilic airway inflammation and a prominent interleukin (IL)-1β signature, the contribution of the IL-1β pathway to host defence is not clear.This study aimed to compare systemic immune responses against common pathogens in children with PBB, bronchiectasis and control children and to determine the importance of the IL-1β pathway.Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from control subjects (n=20), those with recurrent PBB (n=20) and bronchiectasis (n=20) induced high concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ and IL-10. Blocking with an IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) modified the cellular response to pathogens, inhibiting cytokine synthesis by NTHi-stimulated PBMCs and rhinovirus-stimulated PBMCs (in a separate PBB cohort). Inhibition of IFN-γ production by IL-1Ra was observed across multiple cell types, including CD3+ T cells and CD56+ NK cells.Our findings highlight the extent to which IL-1β regulates the cellular immune response against two common respiratory pathogens. While blocking the IL-1β pathway has the potential to reduce inflammation, this may come at the cost of protective immunity against NTHi and rhinovirus.IL-1β blockade limits infection response http://ow.ly/nCtE30eTbyg