TY - JOUR T1 - Incidence and predictive factors of lung cancer in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis JF - ERJ Open Research JO - erjor DO - 10.1183/23120541.00111-2016 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 00111-2016 AU - Eisuke Kato AU - Noboru Takayanagi AU - Yotaro Takaku AU - Naho Kagiyama AU - Tetsu Kanauchi AU - Takashi Ishiguro AU - Yutaka Sugita Y1 - 2018/01/01 UR - http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/4/1/00111-2016.abstract N2 - The incidence and risk factors of lung cancer in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have been poorly investigated.We conducted a retrospective study of 632 patients with IPF to assess the incidence and risk factors of lung cancer development.Seventy patients developed lung cancer over a median follow-up period of 3.8 years. The incidence density of lung cancer development was 25.2 cases per 1000 person-years. The most frequent type was squamous cell carcinoma (30%), the majority developed lung cancer in the peripheral lung (82.9%) and adjacent to usual interstitial pneumonia (75.7%). In a multivariate Cox regression hazard model, pack-years of smoking ≥35 and coexisting emphysema were associated with lung cancer development. The 1-, 3- and 5-year all-cause mortality rates after lung cancer diagnosis were 53.5%, 78.6% and 92.9%, respectively.The incidence density of lung cancer is high in IPF patients and occurs more frequently in patients with smoking history of pack-years of smoking ≥35 and with coexisting emphysema. The majority of lung cancers develop adjacent to usual interstitial pneumonia. Knowledge of these factors may help direct efforts for early detection of lung cancer and disease management.In patients with IPF, lung cancer will develop in 25.2 cases per 1000 person-years. Clinicians should pay attention to the development of lung cancer, especially in patients with ≥35 pack-years of smoking and coexisting emphysema. http://ow.ly/KLjx30hObFu ER -