Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics (intent-to-treat population)
| UMEC | GLYCO | |
| Patients n | 516 | 518 |
| Age years | 64.1±8.4 | 64.0±8.3 |
| Male | 355 (69) | 350 (68) |
| Current smoker | 242 (47) | 249 (48) |
| Smoking pack-years# | 41.5±24.1 | 42.0±23.4 |
| ICS use at screening | 239 (46) | 255 (49) |
| Pre-salbutamol FEV1 L¶ | 1.350±0.461 | 1.333±0.441 |
| Post-salbutamol FEV1 L | 1.493±0.462 | 1.490±0.450 |
| Post-salbutamol FEV1/FVC | 48.9±9.7 | 48.1±10.1 |
| Percent predicted FEV1 | 50.4±10.6 | 50.6±10.5 |
| Percent reversibility to salbutamol¶ | 12.5±13.6 | 13.8±14.3 |
| Reversible to salbutamol+ | 155 (30) | 179 (35) |
| GOLD grade (% predicted FEV1) | ||
| Grade 1 (≥80%) | 0 | 1 (<1) |
| Grade 2 (≥50% to <80%) | 282 (55) | 276 (53) |
| Grade 3 (≥30% to <50%) | 233 (45) | 240 (46) |
| Grade 4 (<30%) | 1 (<1) | 1 (<1) |
| GOLD category A–D, using mMRC | ||
| B (low risk, more symptoms) | 243 (47) | 238 (46) |
| D (high risk, more symptoms) | 273 (53) | 280 (54) |
| Patients with ≥1 COPD exacerbation in the 12 months prior to enrolment | ||
| Managed without oral/systemic corticosteroids and/or antibiotics | 35 (7) | 28 (5) |
| Required oral/systemic corticosteroids and/or antibiotics (not involving hospitalisation) | 112 (22) | 116 (22) |
| Required hospitalisation | 52 (10) | 56 (11) |
Data are presented as mean±sd or n (%), unless otherwise stated. #: smoking pack years defined as (number of cigarettes smoked per day/20)×number of years smoked. ¶: n=517 for the glycopyrronium (GLYCO) group; +: reversible was defined as an increase in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) of ≥12% and ≥200 mL following administration of salbutamol. UMEC: umeclidinium; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; FVC: forced vital capacity; GOLD: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; mMRC: modified Medical Research Council; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.