Outcome | Patients | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||
HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | ||
First exacerbation | 1647 | 0.90 (0.79–1.02) | 0.111 | 0.87 (0.76–0.99) | 0.040 |
First acute respiratory event | 1647 | 0.79 (0.70–0.88) | <0.001* | 0.74 (0.66–0.84) | <0.001* |
Treatment failure | 1647 | 0.86 (0.76–0.98) | 0.020 | 0.83 (0.73–0.95) | 0.005* |
First acute OCS course | 1647 | 0.95 (0.82–1.09) | 0.437 | 0.93 (0.80–1.07) | 0.298 |
First antibiotics course | 1647 | 0.91 (0.79–1.04) | 0.171 | 0.89 (0.77–1.04) | 0.138 |
Pneumonia diagnosis | 1647 | 1.26 (0.80–1.98) | 0.325 | 0.71 (0.21–2.38) | 0.573 |
RR (95% CI) | p-value | RR (95% CI) | p-value | ||
Exacerbation rate | 1138 | 0.85 (0.73–1.00) | 0.056 | 0.86 (0.73–1.01) | 0.068 |
Acute OCS courses rate | 1138 | 0.83 (0.68–1.01) | 0.067 | 0.80 (0.66–0.98) | 0.030 |
Antibiotics courses rate | 1138 | 0.88 (0.72–1.06) | 0.183 | 0.91 (0.75–1.10) | 0.332 |
Acute respiratory events rate | 1138 | 0.80 (0.70–0.90) | <0.001 | 0.79 (0.70–0.90) | <0.001* |
OR (95% CI) | p-value | RR (95% CI) | p-value | ||
mMRC ≥2 | 885 | 1.20 (0.86–1.68) | 0.293 | 1.12 (0.76–1.66) | 0.566 |
HR: hazard ratio; OCS: oral corticosteroid; mMRC: modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale; RR: rate ratio. *: p<0.05 after controlling for 10 statistical tests for secondary outcomes performed following Holm's method [22].