Subjects | 94 | 62 | 32 | |
Age years | 69.2±8.35 | 69.4±8.67 | 68.8±7.83 | 0.747 |
BMI kg·m−2 | 28.8±5.42 | 29.6±5.04 | 27.3±5.88 | 0.046 |
Male sex | 92 (97.9) | 61 (98.4) | 31 (96.9) | 1.00 |
Race: White | 88 (93.6) | 57 (91.9) | 31 (96.9) | 0.660 |
Marital status: married | 46 (48.9) | 32 (51.6) | 14 (43.8) | 0.519 |
Employment status: retired | 58 (61.7) | 39 (62.9) | 19 (59.4) | 0.824 |
Current smoker | 35 (37.2) | 19 (30.7) | 16 (50.0) | 0.076 |
Alcohol use: consumes | 59 (62.8) | 40 (64.5) | 19 (59.4) | 0.658 |
Current oxygen use | 23 (24.5) | 15 (24.2) | 8 (25.0) | 1.00 |
Prior pulmonary rehabilitation | 10 (10.6) | 8 (12.9) | 2 (6.3) | 0.486 |
Comorbidities | | | | |
Coronary artery disease | 20 (21.3) | 13 (21.0) | 7 (21.9) | 1.00 |
Diabetes mellitus | 22 (23.4) | 17 (27.4) | 5 (15.6) | 0.304 |
Depression | 33 (35.1) | 18 (29.0) | 15 (46.9) | 0.111 |
Back pain | 40 (42.6) | 23 (37.1) | 17 (53.1) | 0.187 |
OSA | 24 (25.5) | 17 (27.4) | 7 (21.9) | 0.625 |
Acute exacerbation in the past year | 12 (12.8) | 9 (14.5) | 3 (9.4) | 0.745 |
Baseline daily step count | 2689 (1675–4187) | 2252 (1456–3476) | 3833 (2354–5043) | 0.0009¶ |
FEV1 L | 1.89±0.64 | 1.88±0.67 | 1.92±0.59 | 0.742 |
FEV1 % pred | 61 (49–76) | 58 (47–75) | 63 (55–78) | 0.244¶ |
GOLD stage | | | | 0.234 |
I | 19 (20.2) | 13 (21.0) | 6 (18.8) | |
II | 51 (54.3) | 30 (48.4) | 21 (65.6) | |
III | 19 (20.2) | 16 (25.8) | 3 (9.4) | |
IV | 5 (5.3) | 3 (4.8) | 2 (6.2) | |
6MWT distance m | 388±83.4 | 386±85.0 | 391±81.4 | 0.793 |
CRP mg·L−1 | 2.7 (1.2–6.2) | 3.3 (1.2–6.9) | 2.5 (1.3–5.4) | 0.642¶ |
IL-6 ng·mL−1 | 2.8 (1.9–5.6) | 2.9 (1.9–6.2) | 2.6 (1.8–3.7) | 0.240¶ |
mMRC dyspnoea score | | | | 0.598 |
0–2 | 74 (78.7) | 50 (80.7) | 24 (75.0) | |
3–4 | 20 (21.3) | 12 (19.3) | 8 (25.0) | |
SGRQ-TS | 33.2±15.9 | 34.0±16.5 | 31.6±14.7 | 0.501 |
BDI-II depression score | 6.5 (3.0–12.0) | 6.5 (2.0–10.0) | 6.5 (3.0–14.0) | 0.558¶ |
MOS social support | 3.5 (2.7–4.7) | 4.2 (2.9–4.8) | 3.1 (2.4–4.3) | 0.027¶ |
Emotional support | 3.6 (2.5–4.6) | 3.9 (2.5–4.9) | 2.9 (2.1–4.1) | 0.136¶ |
Tangible support | 4.0 (2.5–5.0) | 4.3 (3.0–5.0) | 3.5 (2.1–4.8) | 0.122¶ |
Affectionate support | 4.0 (2.7–5.0) | 5.0 (3.7–5.0) | 3.5 (1.7–5.0) | 0.005¶ |
Positive interaction | 4.0 (3.0–5.0) | 4.3 (3.3–5.0) | 3.8 (2.8–4.0) | 0.025¶ |
Season of enrolment | | | | 0.138 |
Spring (March–May) | 31 (33.0) | 24 (38.7) | 7 (21.9) | |
Summer (June–August) | 22 (23.4) | 13 (21.0) | 9 (28.1) | |
Fall (September–November) | 30 (31.9) | 16 (25.8) | 14 (43.8) | |
Winter (December–February) | 11 (11.7) | 9 (14.5) | 2 (6.2) | |
Omron adherence during study %+ | 96.7 (90–100) | 97.2 (91–100) | 96.7 (89–99) | 0.432¶ |
Acute exacerbation during study | 13 (13.8) | 6 (9.7) | 7 (21.9) | 0.123 |
Emergency room visit for pulmonary problem during study | 11 (11.7) | 4 (6.5) | 7 (21.9) | 0.041 |
Hospitalisation for pulmonary problem during study | 4 (4.3) | 1 (1.6) | 3 (9.4) | 0.113 |