Patients total (n) | 421 | 90 | |
Age (years) | 41±17 | 49±14 | <0.0001¶ |
Sex (female) | 294 (59%) | 51 (52%) | 0.3+ |
BMI (kg·m−2) | 25.9±5.3 | 28.0±5.8 | 0.002¶ |
Smoking (pack-years) | 0 (0–7) | 0 (0–8) | 0.4§ |
Allergic sensitisation | 196 (47%) | 52 (58%) | 0.05+ |
Medication | | | |
ICS, budesonide equivalents (µg) | 753±318 | 1797±435 | na |
OCS for asthma | - | 11 (12%) | na |
OCS for asthma (mg) | - | 10 (5–15) | na |
Lung function | | | |
FEV1 (L) | 3.2±0.94 | 2.8±0.81 | <0.0001¶ |
FEV1 % predicted | 93±16 | 85±22 | 0.0007¶ |
FVC (L) | 4.3±1.2 | 3.9±1.0 | 0.0004¶ |
FVC % predicted | 104±16.2 | 98±20.6 | 0.01¶ |
AHR to mannitol# | 206/365 (56%) | 30/52 (58%) | 0.9+ |
PD15 to mannitol | 244 (72–395) | 233 (73–380) | 0.8§ |
Biomarkers | | | |
Blood eosinophils (cells×109·L−1) | 0.17 (0.10–0.30) | 0.22 (0.12–0.41) | 0.01§ |
Blood eosinophils ≥0.3 cells×109·L−1 | 113 (27%) | 32 (36%) | 0.06+ |
Blood eosinophils ≥0.15 cells×109·L−1 | 237 (57%) | 56 (62%) | 0.2+ |
Sputum eosinophils (%) | 1.5 (0.25–4.5) | 3.0 (0.75–7.4) | 0.01§ |
Sputum eosinophils ≥3% | 110/303 (36%) | 40/79 (51%) | 0.02+ |
Sputum neutrophils (%) | 37.6 (15.3–63.8) | 44.4 (23.8–70.8) | 0.06§ |
Sputum neutrophils ≥61% | 84/303 (28%) | 25/79 (32%) | 0.5+ |
IgE total (IU·mL−1) | 57 (20–193) | 143 (48–347) | <0.0001§ |
IgE total ≥150 IU·mL−1 | 125 (30%) | 43/90 (48%) | 0.0009¶ |
IgE total 75–150 IU·mL−1 | 59/421 (14%) | 17/90 (18%) | 0.2¶ |
FeNO (ppb) | 17 (10–31) | 18 (10–39) | 0.6§ |
FeNO ≥25 ppb | 139 (33%) | 34 (38%) | 0.4+ |
FeNO ≥50 ppb | 62 (15%) | 16 (18%) | 0.5+ |