Tables
- TABLE 1
Characteristics of 101# participants in the analytical cohort and unadjusted analyses of 20 factors associated with adherence
Variable Participants Effect size p-value Age years 8.9±2.7 −1.5% (95% CI−3.2–0.2%) per year 0.09 Sex Male 52 26 (15–43) 0.05 Female 49 40 (19–60) Qualification of primary caregiver None 8 36 (11–42) Secondary school 22 28 (15–53) 0.81 Tertiary 45 26 (12–47) Postgraduate 22 42 (21–51) Missing 4 Ethnicity Māori 10 19 (13–44) European 39 26 (17–43) Pacific Peoples 20 28 (13–40) 0.002 Middle Eastern/Latin American/African 4 35 (5–68) Asian 19 47 (30–83) Other 9 31 (21–46) Deprivation index¶ 6.0±2.7 +0.002% (95% CI−1.7–1.7%) per deprivation scale 0.99 People in household 4.8±1.9; 98# −3.4% (95% CI−5.8– −0.1%) per person added to household 0.005 Family status Single+ 35 26 (15–47) 0.39 Not single§ 65 32 (18–49) Missing 1 Able to discuss concerns with the healthcare professional looking after the child No 8 24 (6–49) 0.68 Yes 92 31 (17–48) 0.68 Missing 1 Delayed picking up medications due to cost No 78 31 (16–48) Yes 21 26 (16–49) 0.87 Missing 2 Delayed seeing the doctor due to cost No 69 31 (16–54) Yes 30 28 (16–46) 0.28 Missing 2 Easy access to doctor No 10 37 (18–52) 0.91 Yes 90 30 (17–48) 0.91 Missing 1 Easy access to pharmacy No 2 20 (7– -) 0.37 Yes 99 30 (17–48) Age at asthma diagnosis years 3.3±2.3 −1.7% (95% CI−3.7–0.3%) per year 0.09 Childhood Asthma Control Test 18.8±4.2; 100# +0.9% (95% CI−0.2–2.0%) per 1 point on the Childhood Asthma Control Test 0.11 Asthma Morbidity Score 9.2±2.6; 100# −0.3% (95% CI−2.1–1.5%) per 1 point on the Asthma Morbidity Score 0.73 Medication side-effects No 91 29 (17–48) 0.84 Yes 10 33 (11–46) Healthcare provider involved in routine follow-up asthma care None (no follow-up) 2 72 (60– -) General practitioner 74 26 (12–43) 0.003 Specialist 5 31 (23–61) Asthma nurse 15 51 (15–85) Multiple providers 5 46 (26–61) Asthma Responsibility Questionnaire 23.7±8.1 −0.2% (95% CI−0.7–0.4%) per 1 point of Asthma Responsibility Questionnaire 0.53 Asthma Knowledge Test 19.1±2.7 +0.7% (95% CI−1.0–2.4%) per 1 point of Asthma Knowledge Test 0.42 Learning styles Aural 64 29 (17–48) 0.76 Non-aural 30 30 (14–49) Missing 7 Data are presented as mean±sd, n or median (interquartile range), unless otherwise stated. Bold data indicates statistical significance. #: data do not total 101 for some parameters due to missing data from participants who did not completed the relevant questionnaire(s). Median (interquartile range) adherence for the total sample (n=101) was 30% (17–48%); ¶: based on the NZDep2006 deprivation index (1=least deprived, 10=most deprived). This is an indicator of socioeconomic deprivation of the area where the individual resides. Scores are derived from census data on income, home ownership, employment, qualifications, family structure, housing, access to transport and communications; +: single parent/divorced/separated /widowed/single; §: de facto/extended whanau/married.
- TABLE 2
Multivariable regression analysis with objective adherence as independent variable#
Variable Effect size p-value Sex 12±4% 0.005 Asian ethnicity 19±5% <0.001 People in the household −3.0±1.0% per person 0.01 Age at asthma diagnosis years −2.7±0.9% per year 0.004 Data are presented as change±se. #: n=87.
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