Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Current issue
  • Early View
  • Archive
  • Authors/reviewers
    • Instructions for authors
    • Submit a manuscript
    • COVID-19 submission information
    • Institutional open access agreements
    • Peer reviewer login
  • Alerts
  • Subscriptions
  • ERS Publications
    • European Respiratory Journal
    • ERJ Open Research
    • European Respiratory Review
    • Breathe
    • ERS Books
    • ERS publications home

User menu

  • Log in
  • Subscribe
  • Contact Us
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
  • ERS Publications
    • European Respiratory Journal
    • ERJ Open Research
    • European Respiratory Review
    • Breathe
    • ERS Books
    • ERS publications home

Login

European Respiratory Society

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Current issue
  • Early View
  • Archive
  • Authors/reviewers
    • Instructions for authors
    • Submit a manuscript
    • COVID-19 submission information
    • Institutional open access agreements
    • Peer reviewer login
  • Alerts
  • Subscriptions

Association of atypical antipsychotics and mortality for patients hospitalised with pneumonia

Zachary Boivin, Mario F. Perez, Nkiruka C. Atuegwu, Mark Metersky, Carlos A. Alvarez, Antonio Anzueto, Eric M. Mortensen
ERJ Open Research 2019 5: 00223-2018; DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00223-2018
Zachary Boivin
1University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, CT, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Mario F. Perez
1University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, CT, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Nkiruka C. Atuegwu
1University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, CT, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Mark Metersky
1University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, CT, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Carlos A. Alvarez
2VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, USA
3Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, TX, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Antonio Anzueto
4South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
5University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Eric M. Mortensen
1University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, CT, USA
2VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: mortensen@uchc.edu
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Figures

  • Tables
  • FIGURE 1
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    • Download powerpoint
    FIGURE 1

    Survival curves demonstrating a statistically significant (p=0.001) association with increased mortality in those receiving atypical antipsychotics in the entire cohort.

Tables

  • Figures
  • TABLE 1

    Comparison of propensity-matched atypical antipsychotic users and nonusers hospitalised with pneumonia

    VariablesAtypical antipsychotics (N=5513)No atypical antipsychotics (N=5513)p-valueStandardised difference
    Age groups0.60.02
     65–74 years2024 (36.7%)2011 (36.5%)
     75–84 years2427 (44.0%)2382 (43.2%)
     85–94 years1031 (18.7%)1085 (19.7%)
     95 years and above31 (0.6%)35 (0.6%)
    Men5404 (98.0%)5399 (97.9%)0.7−0.006
    White4485 (81.4%)4454 (81.0%)0.5−0.01
    Black641 (11.6%)678 (12.3%)0.30.02
    Hispanic685 (12.4%)684 (12.4%)0.9−0.0005
    Nursing home residence165 (3.0%)153 (2.8%)0.5−0.01
    VA priority group0.4−0.02
     Group 11876 (34.0%)1895 (34.4%)
     Groups 2–63303 (60.0%)3318 (60.2%)
     Groups 7–8334 (6.0%)300 (5.4%)
    Primary care visits in the year prior5.4±5.15.4±4.60.6−0.01
    Intensive care unit admission867 (15.7%)837 (15.2%)0.4−0.02
    Invasive mechanical ventilation333 (6.0%)341 (6.2%)0.80.006
    Vasopressors275 (5.0%)280 (5.1%)0.80.004
    Inpatient guideline concordant antibiotics#4334 (78.6%)4343 (78.8%)0.80.004
    Tobacco use/cessation2330 (42.3%)2278 (41.3%)0.3−0.02
    Alcohol abuse504 (9.1%)499 (9.1%)0.9−0.003
    Illicit drug abuse219 (4.0%)203 (3.7%)0.4−0.02
    Myocardial infarction375 (6.8%)395 (7.2%)0.50.01
    Heart failure1221 (22.2%)1251 (22.7%)0.50.01
    Peripheral vascular disease737 (13.4%)756 (13.7%)0.60.01
    COPD2567 (46.6%)2515 (45.6%)0.3−0.01
    Stroke1367 (24.8%)1406 (25.5%)0.40.01
    Rheumatologic disease93 (1.7%)102 (1.9%)0.50.002
    Mild liver disease47 (0.9%)40 (0.7%)0.5−0.003
    Peptic ulcer disease178 (3.2%)180 (3.3%)0.90.002
    Dementia1146 (21.0%)1111 (20.1%)0.4−0.01
    Diabetes1827 (33.1%)1845 (33.5%)0.70.007
    Diabetes with complications554 (10.1%)572 (10.4%)0.60.01
    Moderate liver disease21 (0.4%)20 (0.4%)0.9−0.01
    Renal disease782 (14.2%)804 (14.6%)0.6−0.009
    Any prior malignancy996 (18.1%)977 (17.7%)0.6−0.009
    Metastatic solid tumour148 (2.7%)250 (2.7%)0.90.002
    Hematologic malignancy77 (1.4%)73 (1.3%)0.7−0.006
    HIV4 (0.1%)4 (0.1%)1.00.00
    Psychiatric conditions¶1.09±0.981.10±1.00.330.02
    Prior outpatient antibiotics1445 (26.2%)1458 (26.5%)0.80.005
    Antidepressants3049 (55.3%)2922 (53.0%)0.1−0.04
    Lithium49 (0.9%)46 (0.8%)0.8−0.006
    Statins1935 (35.0%)1968 (35.5%)0.40.01
    ARB226 (4.1%)220 (4.0%)0.99−0.004
    ACE inhibitors1745 (31.6%)1768 (32.0%)0.90.009
    Antiarrhythmics133 (2.4%)137 (2.5%)0.60.006
    Β-blockers1910 (34.6%)1851 (33.6%)0.4−0.02
    Calcium channel blockers1255 (22.8%)1261 (22.9%)0.70.002
    Oral antidiabetics654 (11.9%)608 (11.0%)0.2−0.02
    Other lipid-lowering medications244 (0.05%)252 (0.05%)0.80.007
    Other antihypertensive medications1206 (21.9%)1207 (21.9%)0.8−0.002
    Inhaled β-agonists1670 (30.2%)1603 (29.0%)0.1−0.008
    Other inhaled medications1617 (29.3%)1575 (28.1%)0.4−0.0003
    Theophylline93 (1.7%)89 (1.6%)0.8−0.006

    Data are presented as mean±sd or n (%) unless otherwise stated. VA: Dept of Veterans Affairs; ARB: angiotensin II receptor blocker; ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme. #: concordant with 2007 American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America clinical practice guideline for community-acquired pneumonia [26]. ¶: Selim psychiatric conditions.

    • TABLE 2

      Results of the adjusted multilevel regression models for secondary analyses

      SubgroupPatients90-day mortality OR (95% CI)
      Entire cohort102 9761.31 (1.22–1.40)
      Dementia51560.96 (0.82–1.12)
      Psychiatric conditions#26 0061.21 (1.12–1.30)
      Pre-existing cardiac conditions¶36 3791.22 (1.09–1.36)
      Intensive care unit admission17 7380.96 (0.82–1.12)

      #: post-traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression; ¶: myocardial infarction, heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias.

      PreviousNext
      Back to top
      Vol 5 Issue 4 Table of Contents
      ERJ Open Research: 5 (4)
      • Table of Contents
      • Index by author
      Email

      Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on European Respiratory Society .

      NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

      Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
      Association of atypical antipsychotics and mortality for patients hospitalised with pneumonia
      (Your Name) has sent you a message from European Respiratory Society
      (Your Name) thought you would like to see the European Respiratory Society web site.
      CAPTCHA
      This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
      Print
      Citation Tools
      Association of atypical antipsychotics and mortality for patients hospitalised with pneumonia
      Zachary Boivin, Mario F. Perez, Nkiruka C. Atuegwu, Mark Metersky, Carlos A. Alvarez, Antonio Anzueto, Eric M. Mortensen
      ERJ Open Research Oct 2019, 5 (4) 00223-2018; DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00223-2018

      Citation Manager Formats

      • BibTeX
      • Bookends
      • EasyBib
      • EndNote (tagged)
      • EndNote 8 (xml)
      • Medlars
      • Mendeley
      • Papers
      • RefWorks Tagged
      • Ref Manager
      • RIS
      • Zotero
      Share
      Association of atypical antipsychotics and mortality for patients hospitalised with pneumonia
      Zachary Boivin, Mario F. Perez, Nkiruka C. Atuegwu, Mark Metersky, Carlos A. Alvarez, Antonio Anzueto, Eric M. Mortensen
      ERJ Open Research Oct 2019, 5 (4) 00223-2018; DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00223-2018
      del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Technorati logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Connotea logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
      Full Text (PDF)

      Jump To

      • Article
        • Abstract
        • Abstract
        • Introduction
        • Materials and methods
        • Results
        • Discussion
        • Footnotes
        • References
      • Figures & Data
      • Info & Metrics
      • PDF

      Subjects

      • Respiratory infections and tuberculosis
      • Tweet Widget
      • Facebook Like
      • Google Plus One

      More in this TOC Section

      Original articles

      • Endobronchial autologous BM-MSCs in IPF patients
      • Effect of β-blockers on the risk of COPD exacerbations
      • Recurrence of symptoms after childhood LRTI
      Show more Original articles

      Respiratory infections

      • High pneumonia incidence among young men
      • Multiplex bacterial PCR in BALF
      • Pseudomonas aeruginosa in adult long-term ventilation
      Show more Respiratory infections

      Related Articles

      Navigate

      • Home
      • Current issue
      • Archive

      About ERJ Open Research

      • Editorial board
      • Journal information
      • Press
      • Permissions and reprints
      • Advertising

      The European Respiratory Society

      • Society home
      • myERS
      • Privacy policy
      • Accessibility

      ERS publications

      • European Respiratory Journal
      • ERJ Open Research
      • European Respiratory Review
      • Breathe
      • ERS books online
      • ERS Bookshop

      Help

      • Feedback

      For authors

      • Instructions for authors
      • Publication ethics and malpractice
      • Submit a manuscript

      For readers

      • Alerts
      • Subjects
      • RSS

      Subscriptions

      • Accessing the ERS publications

      Contact us

      European Respiratory Society
      442 Glossop Road
      Sheffield S10 2PX
      United Kingdom
      Tel: +44 114 2672860
      Email: journals@ersnet.org

      ISSN

      Online ISSN: 2312-0541

      Copyright © 2023 by the European Respiratory Society