Figures
- FIGURE 1
Flow chart of the study population.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Differences of baseline characteristics between subjects who presented cough and those who did not develop cough at the 12-month follow-up
Characteristic at baseline Subjects with cough at follow-up (n=165) Subjects without cough at follow-up (n=40) p-value Somatic symptom sum 3.89 (3.50–4.28) 2.38 (1.77–2.98) <0.001 Duration of the cough episode median (range) 12–60 months (2 months to >10 years) 2–12 months (2 months to >10 years) 0.001 Trigger sum 5.60 (5.14–6.07) 4.05 (2.98–5.12) 0.003 Presence of a chemical trigger 84.8% 65.0% 0.004 Gastroesophageal reflux disease 22.4% 7.5% 0.033 Current daily smoking 10.3% 0% 0.034 Family members 1.58 (1.40–1.76) 2.00 (1.59–2.41) 0.051 Wheezing 52.1% 37.5% 0.097 Data are presented as mean (95% CI), unless otherwise stated. Characteristics with at least a suggestive association (p<0.10) are presented and based on chi-squared and Mann–Whitney U-tests.
- TABLE 2
The characteristics at baseline of the 205 subjects who responded to the follow-up survey in 2018
Age years mean±sd 52.1±9.0 Female sex 176 (85.9%) Body mass index kg·m−2 mean±sd 28.1±5.6 Current smokers 17 (8.3%) Ex-smokers 51 (24.9%) Pet ownership 81 (39.5%) Moisture damage in workplace or at home 72 (35.1%) Presence of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease with proton-pump inhibitors
Patients receiving medication40 (19.5%)
25 (62.5%)Presence of doctor diagnosed asthma with asthma medication
Patients receiving medication62 (30.2%)
60 (96.8%)Presence of chronic rhinitis treated with any kind of nasal sprays
Patients receiving medication82 (40.0%)
50 (61.0%)Data are presented as n (%), unless otherwise stated.
- TABLE 3
Multivariate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) between characteristics at baseline in 2017 and the presence of cough at the 12-month follow-up
Characteristic at baseline aOR (95% CI) p-value Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease 5.02 (1.10–22.83) 0.037 Presence of a chemical trigger 2.88 (1.20–7.00) 0.018 Duration of cough more than 1 year 2.80 (1.27–6.22) 0.011 Somatic symptom sum# 1.31 (1.07–1.59) 0.008 Number of family members¶ 0.71 (0.52–0.98) 0.034 #: per individual somatic symptom; ¶: per number of family members other than the respondent.
Supplementary Material
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Cough in Savo and Central Finland: the questionnaire 00229-2019.supplement
