Sex |
Male | 4829 (19.2) | 2.05 (1.86 to 2.23) | 885 (15.4) | 3944 (20.3) | 0.71 (0.66 to 0.77) | <0.01 |
Female | 20 346 (80.8) | 8.76 (8.17 to 9.34) | 4880 (84.6) | 15 466 (79.7) | 1.41 (1.30 to 1.52) | <0.01 |
Race |
White | 18 288 (72.6) | 5.90 (5.48 to 6.33) | 4165 (72.2) | 14 123 (72.8) | 0.97 (0.91 to 1.04) | 0.44 |
Black | 3700 (14.7) | 5.86 (5.28 to 6.45) | 918 (15.92) | 2782 (14.3) | 1.13 (1.04 to 1.23) | <0.01 |
Hispanic | 2356 (9.4) | 2.97 (2.67 to 3.26) | 509 (8.8) | 1847 (9.5) | 0.92 (0.83 to 1.02) | 0.11 |
Race/sex |
White men | 3410 (13.5) | 2.17 (1.97 to 2.37) | 652 (11.3) | 2758 (14.2) | 0.77 (0.70 to 0.84) | <0.01 |
Black men | 877 (3.5) | 2.90 (2.51 to 3.29) | 152 (2.6) | 725 (3.7) | 0.70 (0.58 to 0.83) | <0.01 |
Hispanic men | 400 (1.6) | 0.98 (0.81 to 1.15) | 56 (0.9) | 344 (1.8) | 0.54 (0.41 to 0.72) | <0.01 |
White women | 14 878 (59.1) | 9.70 (9.08 to 10.31) | 3513 (60.9) | 11 365 (58.5) | 1.10 (1.04 to 1.17) | 0.01 |
Black women | 2823 (11.2) | 8.61 (7.74 to 9.48) | 766 (13.3) | 2057 (10.6) | 1.29 (1.18 to 1.41) | <0.01 |
Hispanic women | 1956 (7.8) | 5.11 (4.65 to 5.56) | 453 (7.9) | 1503 (7.7) | 1.02 (0.91 to 1.13) | 0.78 |
Region |
Northeast | 4873 (19.4) | 6.13 (5.19 to 7.08) | 1169 (20.3) | 3704 (19.1) | 1.08 (1.00 to 1.16) | 0.05 |
South | 8828 (35.1) | 5.15 (4.83 to 5.47) | 1923 (33.4) | 6905 (35.7) | 0.91 (0.85 to 0.96) | <0.01 |
Midwest | 5829 (23.1) | 6.09 (5.38 to 6.81) | 1376 (23.9) | 4453 (23.0) | 1.05 (0.98 to 1.13) | 0.14 |
West | 5587 (22.2) | 5.54 (4.45 to 6.43) | 1286 (22.3) | 4301 (22.2) | 1.01 (0.94 to 1.08) | 0.81 |
Age-groups years# |
<35 | 614 (2.4) | 0.30 (0.27 to 0.33) | 110 (1.9) | 504 (2.6) | 0.73 (0.59 to 0.90) | <0.01 |
35–54 | 4621 (18.4) | 3.87 (3.53 to 4.20) | 1085 (18.8) | 3536 (18.2) | 1.04 (0.97 to 1.12) | 0.30 |
55–74 | 12 159 (48.3) | 15.30 (13.85 to 16.75) | 3150 (54.6) | 9009 (46.4) | 1.39 (1.31 to 1.48) | <0.01 |
≥75 | 7781 (30.9) | 29.79 (28.32 to 31.25) | 1420 (24.6) | 6361 (32.7) | 0.67 (0.63 to 0.72) | <0.01 |
Contributing causes of death |
Respiratory |
Interstitial lung disease | 1010 (4.0) | 0.21 (0.20 to 0.22) | 257 (4.5) | 753 (3.9) | 1.16 (1.00 to 1.34) | 0.05 |
COPD | 629 (2.5) | 0.13 (0.12 to 0.14) | 120 (2.1) | 509 (2.6) | 0.79 (0.65 to 0.97) | 0.02 |
Pulmonary embolism | 351 (1.4) | 0.07 (0.07 to 0.08) | 102 (1.8) | 249 (1.3) | 1.39 (1.10 to 1.75) | 0.01 |
Cardiovascular |
Ischaemic heart disease | 2991 (11.9) | 0.64 (0.56 to 0.72) | 483 (8.4) | 3577 (13.4) | 0.62 (0.56 to 0.68) | <0.01 |
Cardiomyopathy | 4028 (16.0) | 0.86 (0.81 to 0.91) | 1368 (23.7) | 2660 (13.7) | 1.96 (1.82 to 2.11) | <0.01 |
Hypertension | 2626 (10.4) | 0.56 (0.52 to 0.60) | 387 (6.7) | 2239 (11.5) | 0.55 (0.49 to 0.62) | <0.01 |
Valvular heart disease | 473 (1.9) | 0.10 (0.09 to 0.12) | 126 (2.2) | 347 (1.8) | 1.23 (1.00 to 1.51) | 0.055 |