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Alteration in angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 by PM1 during the development of emphysema in rats

Hsiao-Chi Chuang, Yi-Ying Chen, Ta-Chih Hsiao, Hsiu-Chu Chou, Han-Pin Kuo, Po-Hao Feng, Shu-Chuan Ho, Jen-Kun Chen, Kai-Jen Chuang, Kang-Yun Lee
ERJ Open Research 2020 6: 00174-2020; DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00174-2020
Hsiao-Chi Chuang
1School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
2Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
3Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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  • ORCID record for Hsiao-Chi Chuang
  • For correspondence: r92841005@ntu.edu.tw
Yi-Ying Chen
1School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ta-Chih Hsiao
4Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hsiu-Chu Chou
5Dept of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Han-Pin Kuo
6Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Po-Hao Feng
3Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
6Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Shu-Chuan Ho
1School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Jen-Kun Chen
7Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
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  • ORCID record for Jen-Kun Chen
Kai-Jen Chuang
8School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
9Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kang-Yun Lee
3Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
6Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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    FIGURE 1

    Levels of a) total protein, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), α1-antitrypsin and neutrophil elastase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and b) 8-isoprostane, interleukin (IL)-6 and caspase-3 in lungs after 3 and 6 months (M) of exposure to traffic-related ambient air. Rats were exposed to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <1 µm (PM1; PM1 group) or high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA)-filtered air (HEPA group, gaseous pollution). Rats in the control group were housed in the animal centre. n=8 per group. *: p<0.05.

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    FIGURE 2

    Haematoxylin and eosin staining of lungs after 6 months (M), from a) control rats, and from rats exposed to b) high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA)-filtered air or c) particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <1 μm (PM1). d) Emphysema mean linear intercept (MLI) score after air pollution exposure. Significant emphysema occurred after 6 months of PM1 exposure in rats. n=8 per group. *: p<0.05.

  • FIGURE 3
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    FIGURE 3

    Levels of a) angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), b) angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) and c) angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AT2) in rat lungs after 3 and 6 months (M) of exposure to traffic-related ambient air. Rats were exposed to high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA)-filtered air or particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <1 μm (PM1). Rats in the control group were housed in the animal centre. n=8 per group. *: p<0.05.

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    FIGURE 4

    Haematoxylin and eosin staining of blood vessels after 6 months of air pollution exposure. Rats were exposed to high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA)-filtered air or particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <1 μm (PM1). Rats in the control group were housed in the animal centre. Two different sections of blood vessels are shown for each group. A significant increase in smooth muscle hypertrophy occurred after 6 months of PM1 exposure in rats.

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    FIGURE S1 Correlation between PM1 exposure to rats and ambient PM2.5. 00174-2020.figureS1

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Vol 6 Issue 4 Table of Contents
ERJ Open Research: 6 (4)
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Alteration in angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 by PM1 during the development of emphysema in rats
Hsiao-Chi Chuang, Yi-Ying Chen, Ta-Chih Hsiao, Hsiu-Chu Chou, Han-Pin Kuo, Po-Hao Feng, Shu-Chuan Ho, Jen-Kun Chen, Kai-Jen Chuang, Kang-Yun Lee
ERJ Open Research Oct 2020, 6 (4) 00174-2020; DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00174-2020

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Alteration in angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 by PM1 during the development of emphysema in rats
Hsiao-Chi Chuang, Yi-Ying Chen, Ta-Chih Hsiao, Hsiu-Chu Chou, Han-Pin Kuo, Po-Hao Feng, Shu-Chuan Ho, Jen-Kun Chen, Kai-Jen Chuang, Kang-Yun Lee
ERJ Open Research Oct 2020, 6 (4) 00174-2020; DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00174-2020
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