Figures
- FIGURE 1
Timeline of treatments and assessments. BT: bronchial thermoplasty; CT: computed tomography; ACQ: Asthma Control Questionnaire; RX: bronchial thermoplasty.
- FIGURE 2
Changes in total airway volume (a) and distal airway volume (b) compared across three examinations. FRC: functional residual capacity; TLC: total lung capacity. *: p<0.05.
- FIGURE 3
The effect of bronchial thermoplasty on airway volume for right and left lungs at total lung capacity (a) and functional residual capacity (b). *: p<0.05.
- FIGURE 4
Changes in distal airway volume in the three lobes of the right lung at three time points. **: p=0.01.
- FIGURE 5
Change in distal airway volume after bronchial thermoplasty versus change in Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ). TLC: total lung capacity.
- FIGURE 6
Changes in simulated airway volume comparing efficacy of standard bronchial thermoplasty (BT) with bronchial thermoplasty including right middle lobe (RML) treatment. Simulated distal airway volumes in the right lung from the mathematical model comparing the efficacy of standard bronchial thermoplasty with bronchial thermoplasty that also includes RML treatment, for a fatal asthma population.
- FIGURE 7
Simulated dose–response curves comparing efficacy of standard bronchial thermoplasty (BT) with bronchial thermoplasty including right middle lobe (RML) treatment. Simulated dose–response curves from the mathematical model comparing efficacy of standard bronchial thermoplasty with bronchial thermoplasty that also includes RML treatment, for a fatal asthma population. Resistance is normalised to a reference value for clarity of comparison (zero dose for each simulation). Error bars are standard error. * and ○ indicate statistical significance at p<0.05 by paired t-test for untreated versus standard bronchial thermoplasty and bronchial thermoplasty including RML, respectively.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Clinical response to bronchial thermoplasty
Parameter Baseline 6 months post-procedure 12 months post-procedure p-value ACQ score 3.4±1.0 1.8±0.9 1.5±0.9 0.001 FEV1 % pred 42.9±11.5 46.8±5.8 48.2±13.3 0.350 SABA puffs per day 11.0 (18.5) 3.25 (7.75) 2.5 (6.25) 0.080 OCS mg·day−1 5.0 (6.75) 0 (3.75) 0 (6.25) 0.005 Exacerbations per 6 months 2.0 (2) 0 (1.25) 0 (1.0) 0.008 Data are presented as mean±sd or median (interquartile range), unless otherwise stated. ACQ: Asthma Control Questionnaire; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; SABA: short-acting β-agonist; OCS: oral corticosteroid (prednisolone). p: analysis of variance or Friedman's test. All p-values are significant between baseline and 6 months and not thereafter.
