Tables
- TABLE 1
Characteristics of the participating physicians
Characteristic All Male case Female case Physicians n 134 62 72 Female 63 (47) 24 (38) 39 (62) Professional seniority Resident 43 (32) 20 (15) 23 (17) Specialist 52 (39) 24 (18) 28 (21) Senior specialist 38 (28) 18 (13) 20 (15) Present location of practice# Hospital 69 (51) 33 (25) 36 (27) Primary healthcare 62 (46) 27 (20) 35 (26) Other 6 (4) 3(2) 3 (2) Specialty licence(s)# Internal medicine 50 (37) 26 (19) 24 (18) Family medicine 62 (46) 27 (20) 35 (26) Respiratory medicine 32 (24) 13 (10) 19 (14) Other 31 (23) 19 (14) 12 (9) Current specialty area(s) of practice# Internal medicine 36 (27) 19 (14) 17 (13) Primary care 61 (46) 26 (19) 35 (26) Respiratory medicine 32 (24) 13 (10) 19 (14) Other 24 (18) 14 (10) 10 (7) Data are presented as n (%). #: percentages may exceed 100% due to overlap.
- TABLE 2
Diagnosis and evaluation of a male versus female patient with COPD
Male patient Female patient p-value Cases n 62 72 COPD diagnosis 61 (98) 70 (97) 0.649 Spirometry 62 (100) 72 (100) >0.999 Blood test 45 (73) 52 (72) 0.963 ECG 42 (68) 50 (69) 0.832 Exercise testing 7 (11) 8 (11) 0.974 Echocardiography 5 (8) 11 (15) 0.199 O2 saturation levels 41 (66) 49 (68) 0.813 Sputum culture 0 (0) 2 (3) 0.186 Data are presented as n (%), unless otherwise stated.
- TABLE 3
Management of a male versus female patient with COPD
Male patient Female patient p-value Cases n 62 72 Short-acting bronchodilator 62 (100) 72 (100) >0.999 Long-acting anti-cholinergic inhaler 62 (100) 72 (100) >0.999 Long-acting β2-agonist inhaler 14 (23) 27 (38) 0.062 Both long-acting anti-cholinergic and β2-agonist inhalers 32 (52) 40 (56) 0.648 ICS 14 (23) 17 (24) 0.888 Triple therapy 19 (31) 26 (36) 0.504 OCS 10 (16) 9 (13) 0.548 Respiratory rehabilitation treatment 46 (74) 54 (75) 0.915 Consultation with a dietitian 45 (73) 48 (67) 0.459 Oxygen therapy 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.0 Changing the inhaler# 4 (6) 5 (7) 0.910 Intensifying respiratory rehabilitation treatment# 4 (6) 12 (17) 0.069 Benzodiazepines# 1 (2) 0 (0) 0.279 Opioids# 6 (10) 9 (13) 0.605 Oral steroids# 5 (8) 3 (4) 0.342 Roflumilast (Daxas)# 4 (6) 2 (3) 0.305 Oxygen therapy# 2 (3) 0 (0) 0.125 Data are presented as n (%), unless otherwise stated. ICS: inhaled corticosteroids; OCS: oral corticosteroids. #: follow-up management.
- TABLE 4
Diagnostic management of a patient with COPD by a male versus female physician
Male physician Female physician p-value Cases n 71 63 COPD diagnosis 69 (97) 62 (98) 0.631 Spirometry 71 (100) 63 (100) 1.0 Blood test 47(66) 50(79) 0.089 ECG 45(63) 47(74) 0.162 Exercise ECG 6(8) 9(14) 0.285 Echocardiography 8(11) 8(12) 0.799 O2 saturation levels 45(63) 45(71) 0.322 Sputum culture 0 (0) 2 (3) 0.130 Data are presented as n (%), unless otherwise stated.
Supplementary Materials
Supplementary Material
Please note: supplementary material is not edited by the Editorial Office, and is uploaded as it has been supplied by the author.
Supplementary material 00342-2020.SUPPLEMENT
Vol 6 Issue 4
Table of Contents
No gender-related bias in COPD diagnosis and treatment in Sweden: a randomised, controlled, case-based trial
