Figures
- FIGURE 1
Study design. Patients who died in hospital (n=17) were included in overall mortality data but were excluded from survival analyses after discharge. NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide.
- FIGURE 2
Kaplan–Meier curve of survival over 5 years after discharge for exacerbation of COPD. HR adjusted for CURB-65, acidaemia (pH<7.30) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (% pred). aHR: adjusted hazard ratio; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide.
- FIGURE 3
Kaplan–Meier curve of subsequent COPD hospitalisations following discharge after index COPD exacerbation. HR adjusted for CURB-65, acidaemia (pH<7.30) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (% pred). aHR: adjusted hazard ratio; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide.
- FIGURE 4
Kaplan–Meier curve of subsequent cardiac hospitalisations over 5 years following discharge after index COPD exacerbation. HR adjusted for CURB-65, acidaemia (pH<7.30) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (% pred). aHR: adjusted hazard ratio; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Baseline characteristics
Characteristic Subjects Value Age years 409 70.1 (69–71.2) BMI kg·m−2 401 24.6 (23.9–25.2) Current smoker 409 126 (31) FEV1 L 404 0.79 (0.76–0.83) FEV1 % pred 404 34.7 (33.3–36.2) Acidaemia# 364 56 (15) PaCO2 mmHg 315 47.9 (46.3–49.7) PaO2 mmHg 312 63.8 (61.5–66.2) History of cardiac disease 409 152 (37) History of malignancy 409 42 (10) Cardiac medication on admission β-blocker 409 45 (11) Calcium-channel blocker 409 97 (24) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker 409 158 (39) Diuretic 409 152 (37) Antiplatelet 409 159 (39) Anticoagulation 409 28 (7) Statin 409 116 (28) Cardiac biomarker levels at presentation NT-proBNP pmol·L−1 405 62.5 (53.7–72.7) Troponin T Cohort 1 µg·L−1 239 0.015 (0.014–0.017) Cohort 2 ng·L−1 162 18.3 (16.2–20.7) Mortality In-hospital 401 17 (4) 30-day 401 29 (7) 1-year 401 82 (20) 2-year 401 133 (33) 5-year 401 245 (61) Data are presented as geometric mean (95% CI) or n (%). Mortality data excluded eight patients who did not have both cardiac biomarkers measured on admission. BMI: body mass index; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; PaCO2: arterial carbon dioxide tension; PaO2: arterial oxygen tension. #: blood pH <7.3.
- TABLE 2
Combined cohort adjusted and unadjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for 5-year survival, exacerbation-free survival and cardiac admission-free survival following discharge after index COPD admission according to cardiac biomarker status
Unadjusted Adjusted Subjects HR (95% CI) p-value Subjects HR (95% CI) p-value Survival 384 337 High troponin T only 0.89 (0.43–1.80) 0.738 0.86 (0.40–1.83) 0.691 High NT-proBNP only 2.13 (1.52–2.99) <0.001 1.76 (1.18–2.62) 0.005 Both high 2.82 (1.87–4.26) <0.001 2.28 (1.44–3.60) <0.001 Exacerbation-free survival 384 337 High troponin T only 1.03 (0.60–1.77) 0.906 0.91 (0.49–1.66) 0.753 High NT-proBNP only 1.17 (0.86–1.58) 0.320 1.10 (0.78–1.54) 0.603 Both high 1.29 (0.88–1.89) 0.196 1.27 (0.83–1.95) 0.277 Cardiac admission-free survival 384 337 High troponin T only 0.87 (0.44–1.70) 0.681 0.74 (0.34–1.57) 0.431 High NT-proBNP only 2.13 (1.54–2.95) <0.001 1.75 (1.20–2.55) 0.003 Both high 2.55 (1.70–3.84) <0.001 1.98 (1.25–3.12) 0.003 HR adjusted for CURB65, acidaemia (pH<7.30) and % of predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s. NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide.
Supplementary Material
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Supplementary material 00531-2020.SUPPLEMENT
