Figures
- FIGURE 1
Percent difference in exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO) relative to reference group a) without detectable aeroallergen immunoglobulin (Ig)E and b) with aeroallergen IgE. AR: allergic rhinitis.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Participant characteristics (N=929)
Subjects n 929 Child Sex Male 466 (50) Female 463 (50) Race/ethnicity Black 154 (17) Hispanic 40 (4) Asian 28 (3) White 593 (64) Other or >1 race/ethnicity 113 (12) Early teen visit Age years 13±1 Age at visit years 11.9 to <13 505 (54.4) 13.0 to <15.0 374 (40.3) 15.0 to 16.6 50 (5.4) Height cm 160±9 BMI percentile category % <5th 30 (3) 5−<85th 634 (68) >85th 262 (28) Exhaled nitric oxide ppb 26±27 Exhaled nitric oxide <20 ppb 553 (60) 20−≤35 ppb 196 (21) >35 ppb 180 (19) Current asthma No 682 (86) Yes 115 (14) Ever allergic rhinitis No 690 (79) Yes 179 (21) Any aeroallergen IgE >0.35 kU·L−1 No 247 (42) Yes 345 (58) Annual household income at early teen visit $1000 109±44 Any smokers at home at early teen visit 114 (12) Mother/family Pregnancy smoking status Never 653 (71) Former 188 (20) During pregnancy 85 (9) College graduate No 264 (29) Yes 662 (71) Median value owner-occupied housing $1000# 263±149 Percent with education higher than a bachelor's degree# 42±20 Data are presented as n (%) or mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. BMI: body mass index; Ig: immunoglobulin. #: based on census tract, mid-childhood.
- TABLE 2
Associations of asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR) and aeroallergen immunoglobulin (Ig)E with exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO) using linear and multinomial logistic regression models
Model 1# Model 2¶ Linear regression
% difference in
FeNO (95% CI)Logistic regression+
OR (95% CI)Linear regression
% difference in
FeNO (95% CI)Logistic regression+
OR (95% CI)20–≤35 ppb >35 ppb 20–≤35 ppb >35 ppb Asthma versus no asthma 97 (73–124) 3 (2–5) 8 (5–13) 97 (70–128) 3 (1–5) 8 (5–14) AR versus no AR 48 (32–66) 2 (1–3) 3 (2–5) 45 (28–65) 2 (1–3) 3 (2–5) Aeroallergen IgE versus no aeroallergen IgE 99 (79–121) 4 (3–7) 26 (12–59) 102 (80–126) 4 (3–7) 28 (12–63) Current asthma: ever having an asthma diagnosis plus wheezing in the past year or taking asthma medications in the past month; no asthma: no asthma: no wheezing and no use of asthma medications or wheezing in the past 12 months; AR: ever having a diagnosis of hay fever or AR; no AR: never having a diagnosis of hay fever or AR; aeroallergen IgE; having any aeroallergen IgE >0.35 IU·mL−1; no aeroallergen IgE: IgE≤0.35 IU·mL−1. #: adjusted for sex and current age and height; ¶: model 1 additionally adjusted for race/ethnicity, maternal education and smoking during pregnancy, median value owner-occupied housing and percent≥bachelor's degree (census tract, mid-childhood), and household income and any smokers at home at early teen visit; +: reference group is <20 ppb.
Supplementary Material
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TABLE S1 Associations of overlapping aeroallergen IgE, allergic rhinitis, and asthma with FENO 00945-2020.tableS1
TABLE S2 Associations of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and aeroallergen IgE with FENO using linear regression models, stratified by sex 00945-2020.tableS2
TABLE S3 Associations of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and aeroallergen IgE with FENO using linear and multinomial logistic regression models 00945-2020.tableS3
