Subjects n | 15 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 7 |
Age | 55 (51–62) | 62 (65–73) | 66 (62–70) | 58 (58–58) | 54 (40–70) |
Female sex n | 7 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 |
Race n | | | | | |
White | 9 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 7 |
Black | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Smoker n | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
WHO functional class n | | | | | |
Class 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
Class 2 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
Class 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Class 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Medications n | | | | | |
PDE5 inhibitor | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Endothelin receptor antagonist | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Pulmonary function tests |
FEV1 % pred | 57 (42–71) | 63 (51–68) | 68 (66–71) | 82 (75–88) | 92 (54–110) |
FVC % pred | 66 (57–75) | 67 (50–72) | 78 (76–81) | 86 (73–99) | 86 (53–113) |
FEV1/FVC % | 84 (78–96) | 102 (101–104) | 85 (80–90) | 100 (92–107) | 79 (74–106) |
TLC % pred | 83 (72–91) | 79 (60–90) | 83 (80–88) | 114 (114–114) | 123 (114–132) |
DLCO % pred | 55 (32–75) | 75 (69–88) | 67 (61–73) | 83 (61–104) | 84 (40–128) |
Invasive haemodynamics (RHC) |
Cardiac index L·min−1·m−2 | 2.9 (2.4–2.8) | 2.7 (2.5–2.8) | 2.2 (2.0–2.4) | 2.9 (2.4–3.5) | 3.1 (2.6–3.7) |
RA pressure mmHg | 9 (6–11) | 10 (8–12) | 12 (12–12) | 6 (6–6) | 4.5 (3.0–6.0) |
PCWP mmHg | 12 (10–14) | 18 (16–19) | 18 (17–19) | 12 (10–13) | 10 (9–12) |
PA mean pressure mmHg | 41 (34–48) | 29 (25–32) | 49 (46–52) | 26 (25–27) | 17 (15–19) |
PVR Wood units | 5.6 (4.3–6.9) | 1.8 (1.2–2.2) | 7.6 (6.5–8.3) | 2.6 (2.4–2.7) | 1.1 (0.6–1.5) |
Echocardiographic parameters |
LV ejection fraction % | 61 (60–65) | 62 (60–65) | 63 (63–65) | 58 (56–59) | 53 (45–60) |
Tricuspid regurgitation n |
0 – trivial | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
1 – mild | 8 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
2 – moderate | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
3 – severe | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TAPSE cm | 2.0 (1.6–2.7) | 2.7 (2.3–2.7) | 1.5 (1.4–1.7) | 2.5 (2.4–2.6) | 1.6 (1.4–1.8) |
RVSP mmHg | 52 (36–67) | 35 (29–41) | 56 (47–72) | 15 (15–15) | 20 (15–25) |
Resting heart rate | 71 (69–81) | 74 (68–83) | 79 (74–83) | 83 (81–84) | 83 (74–88) |