Figures
- FIGURE 1
SELF-BREATHE is underpinned by Leventhal's common-sense model of self-regulation, where patient health beliefs (positive and negative) determine behavioural response and coping strategies in response to illness, consequently resulting in positive or negative outcomes. Interventional components of SELF-BREATHE target modifiable factors, i.e. patient health beliefs and behaviours to improve patient outcomes. Bi-directional arrows suggest the beneficial health impacts and reductions in healthcare utilisation.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Patient characteristics of the individuals living with chronic breathlessness due to advanced disease who took part in the semi-structured interviews
All Internet users Non-internet users Patients n 25 21 4 Age, years 70 (47–86) 67 (47–84) 84 (70–86) Age category 41–50 1 (4%) 1 (5%) 51–60 6 (24%) 6 (29%) 61–70 7 (28%) 6 (29%) 1 (25%) 71–80 6 (24%) 6 (29%) 81–90 5 (20%) 2 (10%) 3 (75%) MRC dyspnoea score 3 (2–5) 3 (2–4) 4 (4–5) MRC dyspnoea category MRC 2 6 (24%) 6 (29%) MRC 3 11 (44%) 11 (52%) MRC 4 7 (28%) 4 (19%) 3 (75%) MRC 5 1 (4%) 1 (25%) Sex (male:female) n:n 15:10 13:8 2:2 Ethnicity White 21 (84%) 17 (81%) 4 (100%) Asian or Asian British 2 (8%) 2 (9.5%) 0 (0%) Black, African, Caribbean or Black British 2 (8%) 2 (9.5%) 0 (0%) Primary diagnosis COPD 13 (52%) 10 (48%) 3 (75%) Lung cancer 8 (32%) 7 (33%) 1 (25%) ILD 3 (12%) 3 (14%) 0 (0%) Bronchiectasis 1 (4%) 1 (5%) 0 (0%) Smoking status Nonsmoker 3 (12%) 3 (14%) 0 (0%) Ex-smoker 19 (76%) 17 (81%) 2 (50%) Current smoker 3 (12%) 1 (5%) 2 (50%) Living situation Living alone 14 (56%) 13 (62%) 1 (25%) Living with significant other/family 11 (44%) 8 (38%) 3 (75%) Support provided by a carer Yes 5 (20%) 2 (9.5%) 3 (75%) No 20 (80%) 19 (90.5%) 1 (25%) Data are presented as n (%) or median (range), unless otherwise stated. MRC: Medical Research Council; ILD: interstitial lung disease.
