Figures
- FIGURE 1
Selection of patients from the Covidom database.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Clinical characteristics of patients with or without asthma (n=33 815)
Patient characteristics Asthmatic patients Non-asthmatic patients p-value Subjects n 4276 29 539 Age years, mean±sd 42.2±13.7 43.8±14.2 <0.001 Age 46 to ≤65 years 1394 (32.6) 10 729 (36.3) BMI kg m−2, median (IQR), n=33 347 25.3 (22.3–29.4) 24.8 (22.0–28.3) <0.001 Female sex, n=33 774 2989 (70.0) 18 312 (62.1) <0.001 Comorbid conditions Overweight (BMI 25–30 kg m−2), n=33 347 1210 (28.6) 8704 (29.9) <0.001 Obesity (BMI >30 kg m−2), n=33 347 979 (23.1) 5124 (17.6) Hypertension 541 (12.7) 3591 (12.2) 0.369 Diabetes 193 (4.5) 1494 (5.1) 0.136 Heart failure 102 (2.4) 551 (1.9) 0.024 COPD 217 (5.1) 378 (1.3) <0.001 Coronary artery disease 72 (1.7) 393 (1.3) 0.074 Cancer under treatment 34 (0.8) 355 (1.2) 0.024 Chronic renal disease 61 (1.4) 325 (1.1) 0.072 Respiratory symptoms Cough 2916 (68.2) 18 120 (61.3) <0.001 Shortness of breath 2898 (67.8) 13 205 (44.7) <0.001 Chest pain 1371 (32.1) 7043 (23.8) <0.001 Chest tightness 1491 (34.9) 7215 (24.4) <0.001 General symptoms Fatigue 3758 (87.9) 25 368 (85.9) <0.001 Fever 2062 (48.2) 14 405 (48.8) 0.517 Shivers 2439 (57.0) 15 808 (53.5) <0.001 Myalgia 2505 (58.6) 15 932 (53.9) <0.001 Gastrointestinal symptoms Anorexia 1695 (39.6) 11 387 (38.5) 0.176 Nausea/vomiting 1210 (28.3) 6838 (23.1) <0.001 Diarrhoea 1655 (38.7) 10 175 (34.4) <0.001 Neurological symptoms Anosmia 1300 (30.4) 9924 (33.6) <0.001 Ageusia 1326 (31.0) 9700 (32.8) 0.018 Cutaneous symptoms Rash 507 (11.9) 2614 (8.8) <0.001 Chilblains 88 (2.1) 530 (1.8) 0.253 Conjunctivitis 392 (9.2) 2021 (6.8) <0.001 Qualitative data are expressed as frequency (% of total). In case of variable with missing data, the number of patients with available information is specified. BMI: body mass index; IQR: interquartile range presented as first quartile (Q1)–third quartile (Q3); sd: standard deviation.
- TABLE 2
Outcomes of patients with or without asthma (n=33 815)
Outcomes Asthmatic patients Non-asthmatic patients p-value Worsening (hospitalisation or death) 200 (4.7) 1261 (4.3) 0.235 Hospitalisation 200 (4.7) 1253 (4.2) 0.203 Death 0 (0.0) 25 (0.1) 0.109 At least one Covidom alert 3849 (90.0) 25 095 (85.0) <0.001 Alert leading to emergency service call 65 (1.5) 249 (0.8) <0.001 Number of alerts per patient, median (IQR), n=28 944 5.0 (2.0–11.0) 4.0 (2.0–9.0) <0.001 Rate of alerts per follow-up, median (IQR), n=28 944 0.4 (0.1–0.8) 0.3 (0.1–0.7) <0.001 Qualitative data are expressed as frequency (% of total). In case of variable with missing data, the number of patients with available information is specified. IQR: interquartile range presented as first quartile (Q1)–third quartile (Q3).
- TABLE 3
Association between asthma and clinical worsening
Multivariate analysis OR (95% CI) p-value Unadjusted 1.10 (0.94−1.28) 0.235 Adjusted on age, sex, current tobacco use and comorbidities 1.23 (1.04−1.44) 0.013 Comorbidities are body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, COPD, coronary artery disease, cancer under treatment and chronic renal disease. Age and BMI as three categories (18–45 years, 46–65 years, >65 years and <25 kg m−2, 25–30 kg m−2, >30 kg m−2).
Supplementary Material
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Supplementary material 00012-2022.SUPPLEMENT
