Figures
- FIGURE 1
a) Coronal dual-energy computed tomography perfused blood volume iodine map with computed tomography overlay in a 59-year-old female with dyspnoea, fatigue and chest pain imaged 11 months after onset of mild coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia. Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide was 72% predicted with otherwise normal spirometry. Upper-lobe subpleural iodine distribution defects (represented as blue and black overlay, approximating <40 HU) in the subpleural apices bilaterally correspond with similar unmatched defects on perfusion scintigraphy. Computed tomography angiography did not demonstrate pulmonary arterial thrombus. b) Corresponding coronal computed tomography image shows normal lung parenchyma.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Demographic, full lung function and computed tomography (CT) data in a post-coronavirus disease 2019 clinic population at 6-month follow-up, split by lung function phenotype
All patients FVC ≥80% pred FVC <80% pred DLCO ≥80% pred DLCO <80% pred FVC ≥80% and DLCO ≥80% FVC ≥80% and DLCO <80% “isolated low DLCO” Patients, n 78 57 21 21 57 18 39 Age, years 48.8±12.4 47.7±12.7 52.3±11.1 48.4±2.5 49.0±12.7 47.6±13.4 47.7±11.6 Male 45 (56) 30 (52) 15 (71) 10 (45) 35 (61) 10 (48) 20 (54) MRC score 1 26 (33) 19 (33) 7 (33) 8 (38) 18 (32) 8 (40) 11 (29) 2 26 (33) 19 (33) 7 (33) 4 (19) 22 (39) 2 (20) 17 (41) 3 16 (21) 11 (19) 5 (24) 6 (29) 10 (18) 6 (30) 5 (14) 4 9 (12) 7 (12) 2 (10) 2(10) 7 (12) 1 (5) 6 (16) 5 1 (1) 1 (2) 0 1 (5) 0 1 (5) 0 Lung function FEV1 % pred 90.3±21.3 97.2±17.9 71.6±18.8*** 100±26.1 86.8±18.2 100.±26.6 96.3±10.6 FVC % pred 93.7±19.7 NA NA 109.2±17.5 87.9±17.3 111.3±15.2 97.3±12.5** FEV1/FVC % 92.6±16.1 98.9±12.8 75.0±10.3*** 104.8±14.4 88.3±14.4 105.9±13.9 95.3±10.6 TLC % pred 81.2±14.7 89.3±9.6 65.6±9.5*** 77.5±96.6 96.6±11.7 99.8±5.56 85.4±7.6 DLCOc % pred 66.9±18.4 73.2±15.7 49.4±13.4*** NA NA 90.6±7.2 64.8±11 KCOc % pred 81.6±13.8 82.0±12.3 80.4±17.4 NA NA 90.3±11.3 77.9±10.8 SaO2 % 96.7±2.2 96.8±2.3 96.5±1.6 96.6±2.3 97.3±1.22 97.3±1.23 96.6±2.57 CT data# Iodine perfusion 45.7±15.3 46.2±15.6 44.2±14.7 45.1±10.8 45.9±16.8 45.0±11.0 47.0±17.9 Iodine perfusion (volume-corrected)¶ 182.8±79.3 198±80.8 140.2±57.7** 213±73.8 170.9±78.8* 219.2±69.5 186±85.3 Data are presented as n, mean±sd or n (%). FVC: forced vital capacity; DLCO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; MRC: Medical Research Council; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; TLC: total lung capacity; DLCOc: DLCO corrected for haemoglobin; KCOc: transfer coefficient of the lung for carbon monoxide corrected for haemoglobin; SaO2: arterial oxygen saturation; NA: not appropriate. #: CT measurements included those using noncontrast CT where standard measurements included total lung volume (normal range 5060±1353 mL), mean lung density (normal range −839.6±21.8 HU), Hounsfield units and ground-glass opacification score (normal 3.9±0.58%). Using dual-energy CT, a dynamic comparison was made between a set volume of contrast and noncontrast using whole-lung CT average global iodine perfusion enhancement; ¶: volume adjustment was made per litre of lung volume, to correct for changes in lung volume between subjects. Data compared between columns were significant with *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001.
