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Normal values of respiratory oscillometry in South African children and adolescents

Shaakira Chaya, Rae MacGinty, Carvern Jacobs, Leah Githinji, Sipho Hlengwa, Shannon J Simpson, Heather J Zar, Zoltan Hantos, Diane M Gray
ERJ Open Research 2023; DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00371-2022
Shaakira Chaya
1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Rae MacGinty
1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Carvern Jacobs
1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Leah Githinji
1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Sipho Hlengwa
1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Shannon J Simpson
2Wal-yan Respiratory Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
3School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Heather J Zar
1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Zoltan Hantos
4Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
5Joint senior authors
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Diane M Gray
1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
5Joint senior authors
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Abstract

Introduction Non-invasive measurement of respiratory impedance by oscillometry can be used in young children from 3 years and those unable to perform forced respiratory manoeuvres. It can discriminate between healthy children and those with respiratory disease. However, its clinical application is limited by the lack of reference data for African paediatric populations.

Aim To develop reference equations for oscillometry outcomes in South African children and adolescents.

Methods Healthy subjects, enrolled in the Drakenstein Child Health Study, HIV uninfected adolescents in the Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort and healthy children attending surgical outpatient clinics at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital were measured with conventional spectral (6–32 Hz) and intra-breath (10 Hz) oscillometry. Stepwise linear regression was used to assess the relationship between respiratory variables and anthropometric predictors (height, sex, ancestry) to generate reference equations.

Results A total of 692 subjects, 48.4% female, median age of 5.2 years (range: 3–17 years) were included. The median interquartile range (IQR) for weight for age z-score and height for age z-score was −0.42 (−1.11; 0.35) and −0.65 (−1.43; 0.35), respectively. Stepwise regression demonstrated that all the variables were significantly dependent on height only. Comparison to previous reference data indicated slightly higher resistance and lower compliance values in the smallest children.

Conclusion We established the first respiratory oscillometry reference equations for African children and adolescents, which will facilitate use in early identification and management of respiratory disease. Our results suggest differences in oscillometry measures by ancestry but also highlight the lack of standardisation in methodology.

Footnotes

This manuscript has recently been accepted for publication in the ERJ Open Research. It is published here in its accepted form prior to copyediting and typesetting by our production team. After these production processes are complete and the authors have approved the resulting proofs, the article will move to the latest issue of the ERJOR online. Please open or download the PDF to view this article.

Conflict of interest: Diane M Gray reports support for the present manuscript from Wellcome Trust; Executive member of Pan African Thoracic Society, outside the submitted work.

Conflict of interest: Shaakira Chaya reports support for the present manuscript from Harry Crossley Clinical Research Fellowship.

Conflict of interest: Heather Zar reports support for the present manuscript from Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Wellcome Trust, South African Medical Research Council, National Research Foundation, SA, and NIH, USA.

Conflict of interest: Zoltán Hantos reports grants or contracts from Hungarian Scientific Research Fund grant K 128701, and European Respiratory Society Clinical Research Collaboration award CRC_2013-02_INCIRCLE, outside the submitted work; Patents planned, issued or pending: 2005903034 – A METHOD OF DIAGNOSING A RESPIRATORY DISEASE OR DISORDER OR MONITORINGTREATMENT OF SAME AND A DEVISE FOR USE THEREIN. Australian patent issued, disclosure made outside the submitted work.

Conflict of interest: The remaining authors have nothing to disclose.

This is a PDF-only article. Please click on the PDF link above to read it.

  • Received July 25, 2022.
  • Accepted February 7, 2023.
  • Copyright ©The authors 2023
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

This version is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licence 4.0. For commercial reproduction rights and permissions contact permissions{at}ersnet.org

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Normal values of respiratory oscillometry in South African children and adolescents
Shaakira Chaya, Rae MacGinty, Carvern Jacobs, Leah Githinji, Sipho Hlengwa, Shannon J Simpson, Heather J Zar, Zoltan Hantos, Diane M Gray
ERJ Open Research Jan 2023, 00371-2022; DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00371-2022

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Normal values of respiratory oscillometry in South African children and adolescents
Shaakira Chaya, Rae MacGinty, Carvern Jacobs, Leah Githinji, Sipho Hlengwa, Shannon J Simpson, Heather J Zar, Zoltan Hantos, Diane M Gray
ERJ Open Research Jan 2023, 00371-2022; DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00371-2022
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