Abstract
Background Residents in long-term care (LTC) homes, who tend to be of advanced age and frail, are at increased risk of respiratory infections. The respiratory microbiota is known to change with age, but whether these changes contribute to the risk of infection is not known.
Aim Our goal was to determine how the nasal microbiota of frail older adults changes during symptoms of influenza-like illness (ILI) and how this may be impacted by enrollment in a placebo-controlled trial testing the feasibility of administering a Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG probiotic to prevent respiratory infection (2014–2017).
Methods The microbiome of the nasal (mid-turbinate) of 150 residents of LTC homes was interrogated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
Results We identified a diverse and individualized microbiota which could be separated into 9 distinct clusters based on Bray Curtis distances. Samples collected during symptoms of influenza-like illness (ILI) differed statistically from those collected pre- and post-cold and influenza season, and we observed decreased temporal stability – as measured by movement between clusters – in individuals who experienced ILI compared to those who did not.
Conclusions The use of probiotics decreased ILI-induced changes to the microbiota; however, it is not clear whether this decrease is sufficient to prevent respiratory illness.
Footnotes
This manuscript has recently been accepted for publication in the ERJ Open Research. It is published here in its accepted form prior to copyediting and typesetting by our production team. After these production processes are complete and the authors have approved the resulting proofs, the article will move to the latest issue of the ERJOR online. Please open or download the PDF to view this article.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
- Received April 4, 2023.
- Accepted July 19, 2023.
- Copyright ©The authors 2023
This version is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence 4.0.
