Abstract
Background Low-grade systemic inflammation is linked to abnormal spirometry. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is sensitive in detecting peripheral airway dysfunction, but inflammation in relation to IOS is poorly studied.
Objectives To analyse associations between C-reactive protein (CRP), blood eosinophils (B-Eos), blood neutrophils (B-Neu), blood lymphocytes (B-Lym), blood leukocytes (B-Leu), blood monocytes (B-Mono) and IOS.
Methods Blood biomarkers and IOS were assessed in 10 602 adults (aged 50–65 years) within the Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). Upper tertiles for CRP (>1.80 mg·L−1), B-Eos (>0.20 109·L−1), B-Neu (>3.40 109·L−1), B-Lym (>2.00 109·L−1), B-Leu (>6.10 109·L−1) and B-Mono (>0.50 109·L−1) were analysed in relation to the following abnormal IOS indices: resistance at 5 Hz, resistance at 20 Hz, area of reactance, resonant frequency (>95th percentile) and reactance at 5 Hz (<5th percentile), based on healthy, never-smoking SCAPIS participants.
Results Abnormal IOS was observed in 1715 (16.2%), of which 580 (33.8%) also had abnormal spirometry. Having several blood biomarkers in the upper tertile (1, 2–3 or 4–6 versus 0) was overall associated with abnormal IOS; adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) ranging from 1.19 (1.02, 1.38) to 2.27 (1.79, 2.89). Furthermore, having 2–3 or more blood biomarkers versus 0 in the upper tertile was overall linked to abnormal IOS in participants with normal spirometry; adjusted OR (95% CI) ranging from 1.43 (1.17, 1.75) to 1.75 (1.29, 2.38).
Conclusions Low-grade systemic inflammation was related to abnormal IOS, and appeared consistent even when participants had normal spirometry.
Footnotes
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Conflict of interest: Per Wollmer reports personal fees from Chiesi Pharmaceuticals, and has a patent for a device and method for pulmonary capacity measurements issued, not related to the present work. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest with regard to the present study.
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- Received July 4, 2024.
- Accepted September 3, 2024.
- Copyright ©The authors 2024
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