TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of exogenous lipid on THP-1 cells: an <em>in vitro</em> model of airway aspiration? JF - ERJ Open Research JO - erjor DO - 10.1183/23120541.00026-2016 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 00026-2016 AU - Yvette A. Hayman AU - Laura R. Sadofsky AU - James D. Williamson AU - Simon P. Hart AU - Alyn H. Morice Y1 - 2017/01/01 UR - http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/3/1/00026-2016.abstract N2 - Chronic inflammatory diseases of the airways are associated with gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) and aspiration events. The observation of lipid-laden macrophages (LLMs) within the airway may indicate aspiration secondary to GOR. The proposed mechanism, that lipid droplets from undigested or partially digested food are aspirated leading to accumulation in scavenging macrophages, led us to hypothesise that an activated population of LLMs could interact with other immune cells to induce bronchial inflammation.To test this, we generated an in vitro model using differentiated THP-1 cells, which were treated with a high-fat liquid feed.Here, we show that THP-1 cells can take up lipid from the high-fat feed independent of actin polymerisation or CD36-dependent phagocytosis. These cells did not exhibit M1 or M2 polarisation. Gene array analysis confirmed over 8000 genes were upregulated by at least twofold following high fat exposure, and IL-8 was the most upregulated gene. Pathway analysis revealed upregulation of genes known to be involved in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathophysiology.We suggest that aspiration and macrophage phagocytosis may be important mechanisms in the aetiology of diseases such as COPD and cystic fibrosis that are characterised by high levels of IL-8 within the airways.Lipid treatment of macrophages alters gene expression in pathways known to be involved in COPD pathophysiology http://ow.ly/61pu308T8MM ER -