%0 Journal Article %A John Metcalfe %A Peter Bacchetti %A Roy Gerona %A Ali Esmail %A Keertan Dheda %A Monica Gandhi %T Association of anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations in hair and treatment outcomes in MDR- and XDR-TB %D 2019 %R 10.1183/23120541.00046-2019 %J ERJ Open Research %P 00046-2019 %V 5 %N 2 %X Anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations in hair, a non-biohazardous and noninvasively collected biomatrix, predict extensively drug-resistant-TB clinical outcomes in a high-burden setting. http://ow.ly/80xi30o8qSaTherapeutic drug monitoring for drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is likely to improve treatment outcomes. While assessments of plasma drug levels can explain pharmacokinetic variability among trial participants, these measures require phlebotomy and a cold chain, and are generally not repeated frequently enough to characterise drug exposure over time. Using a novel multi-analyte assay, we found evidence that higher anti-TB drug concentrations in hair, a non-biohazardous and noninvasively collected biomatrix, predict extensively-drug resistant-TB clinical outcomes in a high-burden setting. %U https://openres.ersjournals.com/content/erjor/5/2/00046-2019.full.pdf