TY - JOUR T1 - Population-based survey of antimycobacterial drug use among patients with non-tuberculosis mycobacterial pulmonary disease JF - ERJ Open Research JO - erjor DO - 10.1183/23120541.00097-2019 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 00097-2019 AU - Kiyohiko Izumi AU - Kozo Morimoto AU - Kazuhiro Uchimura AU - Manabu Ato AU - Naoki Hasegawa AU - Satoshi Mitarai Y1 - 2020/01/01 UR - http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/6/1/00097-2019.abstract N2 - Macrolides are key drugs used to treat Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) pulmonary disease (PD) [1, 2]. Members of this complex are the most frequently isolated mycobacterial species in many countries, including Japan [3], where 93.3% of nontuberculosis mycobacterial (NTM)-PDs are due to MAC [4]. The emergence of macrolide-resistant MAC, which has likely been induced by inappropriate treatment, (e.g. macrolide-containing regimens without appropriate companion medications and macrolide monotherapy), constitutes a serious challenge to MAC-PD patients, such as prolonged treatment duration and high mortality rate [5, 6]. However, little is known about the treatment practices of MAC-PD patients, especially inappropriate nonstandard treatment. Thus, we conducted a population-based cross-sectional study to describe antibiotic use among NTM-PD patients in Japan.This report shows poor adherence to the recommended treatment regimen for NTM-PD patients, which may pose a potential risk for the development of macrolide resistance. The risk was highest among elderly patients, and those with rheumatoid arthritis and COPD. http://bit.ly/3aBoUzEWe would like to thank BIO Communications Inc. for preparing the dataset. ER -