TY - JOUR T1 - Pulmonary function tests in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis JF - ERJ Open Research JO - erjor DO - 10.1183/23120541.00371-2020 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 00371-2020 AU - Jesús Díez-Manglano AU - Uxua Asìn Samper Y1 - 2021/01/01 UR - http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/7/1/00371-2020.abstract N2 - Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and pulmonary function tests.Methods After conducting an exhaustive literature search, we performed a meta-analysis. We employed the inverse variance method with a random-effects model to calculate the effect estimate as the mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We calculated the heterogeneity with the I2 statistic and performed a meta-regression analysis by sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking and geographical region. We also conducted a sensitivity analysis according to the studies’ publication date, size of the T2D group and the study quality, excluding the study with the greatest weight in the effect.Results The meta-analysis included 66 studies (one longitudinal, two case–control and 63 cross-sectional), with 11 134 patients with T2D and 48 377 control participants. The pooled MD (95% CI) for the predicted percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of FVC, peak expiratory flow, and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide were −7.15 (95% CI −8.27, −6.03; p<0.001), −9.21 (95% CI −11.15, −7.26; p<0.001), −9.89 (95% CI −14.42, −5.36; p<0.001), −9.79 (95% CI −13.42, −6.15; p<0.001) and −7.13 (95% CI −10.62, −3.64; p<0.001), respectively. There was no difference in the ratio of FEV1/FVC (95% CI −0.27; −1.63, 1.08; p=0.69). In all cases, there was considerable heterogeneity. The meta-regression analysis showed that between studies heterogeneity was not explained by patient sex, BMI, smoking or geographical region. The findings were consistent in the sensitivity analysis.Conclusions T2D is associated with impaired pulmonary function, independently of sex, smoking, BMI and geographical region. Longitudinal studies are needed to investigate outcomes for patients with T2D and impaired pulmonary function.T2D is associated with impaired pulmonary function independently of tobacco use. We need to investigate outcomes for T2D patients with impaired pulmonary function. A screening strategy incorporating PFTs must be implemented in T2D patients. https://bit.ly/3iPJy1M ER -