RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 <em>A</em><em>chromobacter xylosoxidans</em> airway infection is associated with lung disease severity in children with cystic fibrosis
JF ERJ Open Research
JO erjor
FD European Respiratory Society
SP 00076-2021
DO 10.1183/23120541.00076-2021
VO 7
IS 2
A1 Charlotte Marsac
A1 Laura Berdah
A1 Guillaume Thouvenin
A1 Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus
A1 Harriet Corvol
YR 2021
UL http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/7/2/00076-2021.abstract
AB Background Despite the increasing prevalence of Achromobacter xylosoxidans lung infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), its clinical pathogenicity remains controversial. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of this emerging bacterium on lung disease severity in CF children.Methods This case–control retrospective study took place in two French paediatric CF centres. 45 cases infected by A. xylosoxidans were matched for age, sex, CFTR genotypes and pancreatic status to 45 never-infected controls. Clinical data were retrieved from clinical records over the 2 years before and after A. xylosoxidans initial infection.Results At infection onset, lung function was lower in cases compared with controls (p=0.006). Over the 2 years prior to A. xylosoxidans acquisition, compared with controls, cases had more frequent pulmonary exacerbations (p=0.02), hospitalisations (p=0.05), and intravenous (p=0.03) and oral (p=0.001) antibiotic courses. In the 2 years following A. xylosoxidans infection, cases remained more severe with more frequent pulmonary exacerbations (p=0.0001), hospitalisations (p=0.0001), and intravenous (p=0.0001) and oral antibiotic courses (p=0.0001). Lung function decline tended to be faster in cases (−5.5% per year) compared with controls (−0.5% per year).Conclusions This case–control study demonstrates that A. xylosoxidans occurs more frequently in the patients with the worse lung disease. Further studies assessing the pathogenicity of this emerging pathogen and international treatment recommendations are warranted.The prevalence of the opportunistic pathogen Achromobacter xylosoxidans increases in patients with CF. This study shows an association between airway infection with this bacterium and more severe lung disease in children with CF. https://bit.ly/3a7ioSi