PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Jack Callum
AU  - Phuong T.B. Nguyen
AU  - Elena Martinez
AU  - Van-Anh T. Nguyen
AU  - Frances Garden
AU  - Nhung V. Nguyen
AU  - Thu-Anh Nguyen
AU  - Hoa B. Nguyen
AU  - Son V. Nguyen
AU  - Khanh B. Luu
AU  - Jennifer Ho
AU  - Nguyen N. Linh
AU  - Warwick J. Britton
AU  - Vitali Sintchenko
AU  - Greg J. Fox
AU  - Guy B. Marks
TI  - Prevalence and genetic basis of first-line drug resistance of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> in Ca Mau, Vietnam
AID  - 10.1183/23120541.00122-2022
DP  - 2022 Oct 01
TA  - ERJ Open Research
PG  - 00122-2022
VI  - 8
IP  - 4
4099  - http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/8/4/00122-2022.short
4100  - http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/8/4/00122-2022.full
SO  - erjor2022 Oct 01; 8
AB  - Background and objective Data on the prevalence of anti-tuberculous drug resistance and its association with genetic mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis are limited. Our study explores the genomics of tuberculosis in Ca Mau, Vietnam.Methods Patients ≥15 years in Ca Mau Province, Vietnam, were screened annually for tuberculosis between 2014 and 2017. Isolates underwent drug susceptibility testing (DST) using the breakpoint method. DNA was extracted and whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed.Results We identified 365 positive sputum cultures for M. tuberculosis and processed 237 for DST and 265 for WGS. Resistance to isoniazid was present in 19.8% (95% CI 14.7 to 24.9%), rifampicin in 3.5% (1.1 to 5.7%) and ethambutol in 2.5% (0.9 to 5.4%) of isolates. Relevant mutations in rpoB gene were detected in 3.8% (1.8 to 6.8%). katG, inhA or fabG1 mutations were found in 19.6% (15.0 to 24.9%) with KatG being most common at 12.8% (9.1–17.5%). We found 38.4% of isolates were of Beijing lineage, 49.4% East-African-Indian lineage and 8.4% European-American lineage. There were no associations between resistance profiles and clinical features.Conclusion The high burden of isoniazid resistance and the katG mutation highlights the challenges facing Vietnam in its efforts to achieve its EndTB goals.365 samples of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were collected in Ca Mau, Vietnam. 19.8% were phenotypically resistant to isoniazid. katG was the most common resistance mutation found in 12.8% of samples. rpoB mutations were found in 3.8% of samples. https://bit.ly/3axcaOE