TY - JOUR T1 - Mixed-methods feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial of a paramedic-administered breathlessness management intervention for acute-on-chronic breathlessness (BREATHE): study findings JF - ERJ Open Research JO - erjor DO - 10.1183/23120541.00257-2022 VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 00257-2022 AU - Ann Hutchinson AU - Victoria Allgar AU - Judith Cohen AU - David C. Currow AU - Susan Griffin AU - Simon Hart AU - Kelly Hird AU - Andrew Hodge AU - Suzanne Mason AU - Matthew Northgraves AU - Joanne Reeve AU - Flavia Swan AU - Miriam J. Johnson Y1 - 2022/10/01 UR - http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/8/4/00257-2022.abstract N2 - Introduction One-fifth of emergency department presentations by ambulance are due to acute-on-chronic breathlessness. We explored the feasibility of an evaluation-phase, cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a paramedic-administered, non-pharmacological breathlessness intervention for people with acute-on-chronic breathlessness at ambulance call-out (BREATHE) regarding breathlessness intensity and conveyance to hospital.Methods This mixed-methods, feasibility cRCT (ISRCTN80330546) randomised paramedics to usual care or intervention plus usual care. Retrospective patient consent to use call-out data (primary end-point) and prospective patient/carer consent for follow-up was sought. Potential primary outcomes included breathlessness intensity (numerical rating scale) and conveyance. Follow-up included: interviews with patients/carers and questionnaires at 14 days, 1 and 6 months; paramedic focus groups and surveys.Results Recruitment was during COVID-19, with high demands on paramedics and fewer call-outs by eligible patients. We enrolled 29 paramedics; nine withdrew. Randomisation/trial procedures were acceptable. Paramedics recruited 13 patients, not meeting recruitment target (n=36); eight patients and three carers were followed-up. Data quality was good but insufficient for future sample size estimation. The intervention did not extend call-out time, was delivered with fidelity and was acceptable to patients, carers and paramedics. There were no repeat call-outs within 48 h. All trained paramedics strongly recommended BREATHE as a highly relevant, simple intervention.Conclusion Patient recruitment to target was not feasible during the pandemic. Training and intervention were acceptable and delivered with fidelity. Results include valuable information on recruitment, consent, attrition and data collection that will inform the design and delivery of a definitive trial.A paramedic-delivered BREATHE intervention for acute-on-chronic breathlessness and study procedures were acceptable but recruitment was low (pandemic related); further work is necessary to answer remaining questions on sample size and best primary outcome https://bit.ly/3AsNQZ5 ER -