TY - JOUR T1 - Early Prediction of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Can Noninvasive Monitoring Methods be Essential? JF - ERJ Open Research JO - erjor DO - 10.1183/23120541.00621-2022 SP - 00621-2022 AU - Xuewei Cui AU - Jianhua Fu Y1 - 2023/01/01 UR - http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/early/2023/01/05/23120541.00621-2022.abstract N2 - Despite remarkable breakthroughs in diagnosis and treatment, the prevalence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants and the consequent mortality have remained high over the last half-century. The pathophysiology of BPD is complicated, with several causes. In addition, infants with severe BPD are predisposed to a variety of complications that need multidisciplinary collaboration during hospitalisation and post-discharge home treatment. Consequently, early prediction, precise prevention, and individualised management have become the cornerstones of therapeutic care of preterm infants with BPD, thereby improving patient survival and prognosis. BPD has an operational clinical description; however, it has various clinical phenotypes and endotypes, making accurate prediction challenging. Currently, most approaches for predicting BPD in preterm infants include invasive collection of biofluids, which is inappropriate in fragile neonates. Consequently, researchers and clinicians are becoming more interested in noninvasive monitoring for BPD prediction. Comprehensive assessments of pertinent research, however, remain scarce. In this review, we compared many noninvasive monitoring techniques that contribute to early prediction of BPD development in premature infants.FootnotesThis manuscript has recently been accepted for publication in the ERJ Open Research. It is published here in its accepted form prior to copyediting and typesetting by our production team. After these production processes are complete and the authors have approved the resulting proofs, the article will move to the latest issue of the ERJOR online. Please open or download the PDF to view this article.Conflict of interest: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. ER -