TABLE 3

World Health Organization groups of first- and second-line anti-TB drugs

GroupAnti-TB drugs
1) First-line oral anti-TB drugsIsoniazid (H)
Rifampicin (R)
Ethambutol (E)
Pyrazinamide (Z)
Rifabutin (Rfb)
Rifapentine (Rpt)
2) Injectable anti-TB drugs (injectable or parenteral agents)Streptomycin (S)
Kanamycin (Km)
Amikacin (Am)
Capreomycin (Cm)
3) Fluoroquinolones (FQs)Levofloxacin (Lfx)
Moxifloxacin (Mfx)
Gatifloxacin (Gfx)
Ofloxacin (Ofx)
4) Oral bacteriostatic second-line anti-TB drugsEthionamide (Eto)
Prothionamide (Pto)
Cycloserine (Cs)
Terizidone (Trd)
p-Aminosalicylic acid (PAS)
p-Aminosalicylate sodium (PAS-Na)
5) Anti-TB drugs with limited data on efficacy and/or long-term safety in the treatment of drug-resistant TBBedaquiline (Bdq)
Delamanid (Dlm)
Linezolid (Lzd)
Clofazimine (Cfz)
Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Amx/Clv)
Imipenem/cilastatin (Ipm/Cln)
Meropenem (Mpm)
High-dose isoniazid (high-dose H)
Thioacetazone (T)
Clarithromycin (Clr)

  • TB: tuberculosis. Reproduced and modified from [19] with permission from the publisher.