Characteristics of 101# participants in the analytical cohort and unadjusted analyses of 20 factors associated with adherence
| Variable | Participants | Effect size | p-value |
| Age years | 8.9±2.7 | −1.5% (95% CI−3.2–0.2%) per year | 0.09 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 52 | 26 (15–43) | 0.05 |
| Female | 49 | 40 (19–60) | |
| Qualification of primary caregiver | |||
| None | 8 | 36 (11–42) | |
| Secondary school | 22 | 28 (15–53) | 0.81 |
| Tertiary | 45 | 26 (12–47) | |
| Postgraduate | 22 | 42 (21–51) | |
| Missing | 4 | ||
| Ethnicity | |||
| Māori | 10 | 19 (13–44) | |
| European | 39 | 26 (17–43) | |
| Pacific Peoples | 20 | 28 (13–40) | 0.002 |
| Middle Eastern/Latin American/African | 4 | 35 (5–68) | |
| Asian | 19 | 47 (30–83) | |
| Other | 9 | 31 (21–46) | |
| Deprivation index¶ | 6.0±2.7 | +0.002% (95% CI−1.7–1.7%) per deprivation scale | 0.99 |
| People in household | 4.8±1.9; 98# | −3.4% (95% CI−5.8– −0.1%) per person added to household | 0.005 |
| Family status | |||
| Single+ | 35 | 26 (15–47) | 0.39 |
| Not single§ | 65 | 32 (18–49) | |
| Missing | 1 | ||
| Able to discuss concerns with the healthcare professional looking after the child | |||
| No | 8 | 24 (6–49) | 0.68 |
| Yes | 92 | 31 (17–48) | 0.68 |
| Missing | 1 | ||
| Delayed picking up medications due to cost | |||
| No | 78 | 31 (16–48) | |
| Yes | 21 | 26 (16–49) | 0.87 |
| Missing | 2 | ||
| Delayed seeing the doctor due to cost | |||
| No | 69 | 31 (16–54) | |
| Yes | 30 | 28 (16–46) | 0.28 |
| Missing | 2 | ||
| Easy access to doctor | |||
| No | 10 | 37 (18–52) | 0.91 |
| Yes | 90 | 30 (17–48) | 0.91 |
| Missing | 1 | ||
| Easy access to pharmacy | |||
| No | 2 | 20 (7– -) | 0.37 |
| Yes | 99 | 30 (17–48) | |
| Age at asthma diagnosis years | 3.3±2.3 | −1.7% (95% CI−3.7–0.3%) per year | 0.09 |
| Childhood Asthma Control Test | 18.8±4.2; 100# | +0.9% (95% CI−0.2–2.0%) per 1 point on the Childhood Asthma Control Test | 0.11 |
| Asthma Morbidity Score | 9.2±2.6; 100# | −0.3% (95% CI−2.1–1.5%) per 1 point on the Asthma Morbidity Score | 0.73 |
| Medication side-effects | |||
| No | 91 | 29 (17–48) | 0.84 |
| Yes | 10 | 33 (11–46) | |
| Healthcare provider involved in routine follow-up asthma care | |||
| None (no follow-up) | 2 | 72 (60– -) | |
| General practitioner | 74 | 26 (12–43) | 0.003 |
| Specialist | 5 | 31 (23–61) | |
| Asthma nurse | 15 | 51 (15–85) | |
| Multiple providers | 5 | 46 (26–61) | |
| Asthma Responsibility Questionnaire | 23.7±8.1 | −0.2% (95% CI−0.7–0.4%) per 1 point of Asthma Responsibility Questionnaire | 0.53 |
| Asthma Knowledge Test | 19.1±2.7 | +0.7% (95% CI−1.0–2.4%) per 1 point of Asthma Knowledge Test | 0.42 |
| Learning styles | |||
| Aural | 64 | 29 (17–48) | 0.76 |
| Non-aural | 30 | 30 (14–49) | |
| Missing | 7 |
Data are presented as mean±sd, n or median (interquartile range), unless otherwise stated. Bold data indicates statistical significance. #: data do not total 101 for some parameters due to missing data from participants who did not completed the relevant questionnaire(s). Median (interquartile range) adherence for the total sample (n=101) was 30% (17–48%); ¶: based on the NZDep2006 deprivation index (1=least deprived, 10=most deprived). This is an indicator of socioeconomic deprivation of the area where the individual resides. Scores are derived from census data on income, home ownership, employment, qualifications, family structure, housing, access to transport and communications; +: single parent/divorced/separated /widowed/single; §: de facto/extended whanau/married.