TABLE 3

Univariate and multivariate analyses of 180-day mortality

	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	HR	95% CI	p-value	HR	95% CI	p-value
Age	1.00	0.95–1.05	0.96
Male	1.97	0.59–12.2	0.30
Smoking history	0.44	0.20–1.11	0.08	0.51	0.23–1.31	0.15
LTOT	2.10	1.06–4.25	0.03*	2.34	1.04–5.28	0.04*
FVC before AE % predicted	0.99	0.97–1.01	0.43
DL_CO before AE % predicted	0.98	0.94–1.01	0.16
P/F <200	0.69	0.33–1.40	0.30
CRP	1.03	0.96–1.95	0.36
LDH 10 IU·L⁻¹ per unit	1.02	1.01–1.03	<0.01*	1.02	1.00–1.05	0.02*
KL-6 100 U·mL⁻¹ per unit	1.02	1.00–1.04	0.10	0.99	0.96–1.02	0.69
Parenchymal opacities	1.02	1.00–1.04	0.09	0.99	0.96–1.02	0.51
Ground-glass opacities	1.01	0.99–1.03	0.27
Consolidation	1.02	0.98–1.06	0.26
Reticulation/honeycombing	0.98	0.95–1.02	0.31
Emphysema	1.02	0.98–1.05	0.34
Bronchiectasis in parenchymal opacities	1.19	0.60–2.38	0.62
Asymmetrical AE	0.33	0.10–0.85	0.02*	0.36	0.10–0.99	0.047*

HR: hazard ratio; LTOT: long-term oxygen therapy; FVC: forced vital capacity; AE: acute exacerbation; DL_CO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; P/F: the ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen; CRP: C-reactive protein; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; KL-6: Krebs von den Lungen-6. *: p<0.05.