Baseline characteristics of all subjects without peripheral arterial disease at baseline, stratified by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) status
| Characteristic | Overall | No COPD | COPD | p-value# |
| Subjects | 3123 (100) | 3038 (97) | 85 (3) | |
| Age years | 65.14±6.6 | 65.12±6.6 | 65.69±5.6 | 0.43 |
| Female | 1785 (57.2) | 1745 (57.4) | 40 (47.1) | 0.07 |
| BMI kg·m−2 | 26.27±3.5 | 26.28±3.5 | 26.17±3.1 | 0.78 |
| Smoking status | <0.01 | |||
| Never | 1069 (35.4) | 1054 (35.8) | 15 (18.5) | |
| Former | 1394 (46.1) | 1348 (45.8) | 46 (56.8) | |
| Current | 560 (18.5) | 540 (18.4) | 20 (24.7) | |
| Ever smoking | 1954 (64.6) | 1888 (64.2) | 66 (81.5) | <0.01 |
| Smoking duration pack-years¶ | 25.5±21.3 | 25.3±21.2 | 33.5±24.1 | <0.01 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 380 (12.6) | 367 (12.5) | 13 (15.9) | 0.47 |
| HDL/cholesterol ratio | 0.21±0.1 | 0.21±0.1 | 0.22±0.1 | 0.13 |
| Cholesterol lowering drugs | 72 (2.3) | 70 (2.3) | 2 (2.4) | 0.98 |
| Hypertension | 1481 (47.4) | 1446 (47.6) | 35 (41.2) | 0.29 |
| BP lowering drugs | 770 (24.7) | 743 (24.5) | 27 (31.8) | 0.12 |
| hs-CRP | 2.44±3.3 | 2.42±3.3 | 3.02±3.0 | 0.11 |
| Inhaled therapy | 124 (4.0) | 64 (2.1) | 60 (70.6) | <0.01 |
Data are presented as n (%) or mean±sd. Data are original data without imputed values. In the total population, missing values were present for smoking (3.2%), smoking duration in pack-years (7.1%), BMI (0.2%) and diabetes mellitus (3.5%). BMI: body mass index; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; BP: blood pressure; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. #: p-values represent the difference between COPD groups; ¶: smoking duration in pack-years is presented for former and current smokers only.