TABLE 4

Unadjusted incidence rate (IR) ratios for time-to-event outcomes, by matched treatment cohort

	Patients and follow-up years per cohort				Events per cohort		Comparison
	Cohort	Patients	Total years	Mean±sd years^#	Events	IR per patient-year	IR difference (95% CI)	IR ratio (95% CI)
Exacerbation (primary outcome)	TT	1181	1022	0.74±0.88	812	0.794	−0.119 (−0.233– −0.004)	0.870 (0.763–0.994)
Exacerbation (primary outcome)	DB	466	346	0.87±1.04	316	0.913	−0.119 (−0.233– −0.004)	0.870 (0.763–0.994)
Acute respiratory event (secondary outcome)	TT	1181	592	0.37±0.53	957	1.618	−0.560 (−0.803– −0.316)	0.743 (0.659–0.840)
Acute respiratory event (secondary outcome)	DB	466	172	0.50±0.73	374	2.178	−0.560 (−0.803– −0.316)	0.743 (0.659–0.840)
Treatment failure (secondary outcome)	TT	1181	867	0.60±0.77	874	1.008	−0.227 (−0.374– −0.080)	0.816 (0.720–0.927)
Treatment failure (secondary outcome)	DB	466	278	0.73±0.92	343	1.236	−0.227 (−0.374– −0.080)	0.816 (0.720–0.927)
Acute OCS course (secondary outcome)	TT	1181	1367	1.02±1.21	683	0.499	−0.058 (−0.134–0.019)	0.896 (0.777–1.037)
Acute OCS course (secondary outcome)	DB	466	477	1.16±1.28	266	0.557	−0.058 (−0.134–0.019)	0.896 (0.777–1.037)
Antibiotics course (secondary outcome)	TT	1181	1341	1.00±1.17	659	0.491	−0.052 (−0.129–0.025)	0.904 (0.781–1.049)
Antibiotics course (secondary outcome)	DB	466	465	1.14±1.27	253	0.544	−0.052 (−0.129–0.025)	0.904 (0.781–1.049)
Pneumonia diagnosis (secondary outcome)	TT	1181	2772	2.24±2.16	62	0.022	−0.003 (−0.014–0.009)	0.899 (0.560–1.480)
Pneumonia diagnosis (secondary outcome)	DB	466	1044	2.35±2.00	26	0.025	−0.003 (−0.014–0.009)	0.899 (0.560–1.480)

OCS: oral corticosteroid; TT: triple therapy; DB: dual bronchodilation with long-acting muscarinic antagonist/long-acting inhaled β-agonist. ^#: mean follow-up time in years available.