Clinical outcomes
| Clinical outcomes | Overall | Urokinase | t-PA/DNAse | p-value |
| Additional procedure | 32 (34%) | 20 (38%) | 12 (29%) | 0.35 |
| Surgical referral | 12 (13%) | 8 (15%) | 4 (10%) | 0.42 |
| Additional chest tube | 20 (21%) | 12 (23%) | 8 (19%) | 0.68 |
| Duration of fibrinolysis days | 3 (3–5) | 5 (4–7) | 3 (3–3) | <0.001 |
| Duration of drainage days | 6 (4–9) | 7 (4–10) | 6 (5–8) | 0.05 |
| Change in area occupied by effusion from baseline % | ||||
| On day 3 | −19.3±17.9 | −19.4±16 | −19.1±20.2 | 0.94 |
| On day 7 | −28.7±18 | −26.9±19.2 | −30.8±16.7 | 0.38 |
| Change in serum CRP level from baseline mg·dL−1 | ||||
| On day 3 | −82.3±86.2 | −70.4±76.1 | −96.8±96 | 0.15 |
| On day 7 | −131±109.2 | −104.6±99.7 | −163.7±112.4 | 0.01 |
| Change in blood leukocyte count from baseline ×109 L−1 | ||||
| On day 3 | −2.2±4.2 | −1.6±4.3 | −2.9±4 | 0.15 |
| On day 7 | −3.8±5.8 | −2.1±5.4 | −5.9±5.5 | 0.002 |
| Complications of fibrinolysis | 7 (8%) | 0 (0%) | 7 (17%) | 0.002 |
| Length of stay days | 18 (11–26) | 18 (11–25) | 18 (11–32) | 0.12 |
| Death at 30 days | 6 (6%) | 4 (8%) | 2 (5%) | 0.58 |
Data are presented as median (interquartile range) or mean±sd unless otherwise stated. t-PA: tissue plasminogen activator; CRP: C-reactive protein.