Comparison between Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium avium complex
| Total | M. kansasii | M. avium complex | p-value | |
| Patients with NTM lung disease | 317 | 274 | 43 | |
| Age years | ||||
| Mean±sd | 58.5±17.8 | 54.9±17.9 | 63.0±17.3 | 0.010 |
| Median (IQR) | 61 (44–73) | 57 (42–69) | 68 (47–78) | |
| Male patients | 296 (70.8%) | 204 (75.0%) | 65 (60.2%) | 0.003 |
| Risk factors | ||||
| HIV | 12.3% | 11.3% | 18.6% | 0.136 |
| Smoking | 55.1% | 63.8% | 31.0% | <0.0001 |
| History of lung disease | 55.8% | 53.9% | 61.0% | 0.276 |
| COPD | 32.0% | 34.2% | 26.2% | 0.226 |
| Oral corticosteroid use | 6.5% | 4.5% | 11.9% | 0.100 |
| Alcohol use | 18.7% | 21.9% | 9.8% | 0.065 |
| Liver disease | 10.7% | 9.3% | 14.6% | 0.252 |
| Cancer | 22.7% | 27.7% | 9.5% | 0.011 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux | 10.2% | 10.1% | 10.5% | 0.577 |
| Signs and symptoms | ||||
| Cough/expectoration | 73.6% | 70.9% | 80.5% | 0.166 |
| Fever | 42.3% | 39.6% | 48.8% | 0.209 |
| Asthenia | 37.6% | 34.4% | 45.0% | 0.168 |
| Weight loss | 25.0% | 22.8% | 30.0% | 0.253 |
| Haemoptysis | 26.7% | 30.2% | 17.9% | 0.105 |
| Radiology | ||||
| Cavitation | 38.2% | 48.1% | 12.5% | <0.0001 |
| Bronchiectasis | 29.0% | 19.2% | 53.8% | <0.0001 |
| Nodules | 26.6% | 22.2% | 37.5% | 0.053 |
| Tree-in-bud pattern | 25.0% | 20.6% | 35.9% | 0.052 |
| Lung involvement# | 49.7% | 42.7% | 67.5% | 0.003 |
| Localisation | ||||
| Upper lung lobes | 53.4% | 57.1% | 42.9% | 0044 |
| Middle lung lobes | 15.0% | 10.2% | 28.6% | 0.044 |
| Lower lung lobes | 8.3% | 7.1% | 11.4% | 0044 |
| Multifocal | 23.3% | 25.5% | 17.1% | 0.044 |
| Disease course and mortality | ||||
| Microbiological cure | 87.3% | 89.0% | 76.7% | 0.029 |
| Overall mortality | 9.8% | 9.1% | 14.0% | 0.229 |
| Deaths due to NTM lung disease | 1.9% | 1.5% | 4.7% | 0.189 |
| Deaths due to other causes | 7.9% | 7.7% | 9.3% | 0.448 |
NTM: nontuberculous mycobacteria; IQR: interquartile range. #: all unilateral.