Incidence rate of chronic cough in all eligible participants
| Baseline characteristics | At risk n | Incident chronic cough n | Total follow-up years | Incidence rate per 1000 person-years (95% CI) | Incidence rate ratio (95% CI) |
| Total participants n | 8751 | 439 | 52 817 | 8.3 (7.6–9.1) | |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 5086 | 249 | 31 136 | 8.0 (7.0–9.1) | Ref. |
| Female | 3665 | 190 | 21 681 | 8.8 (7.6–10.1) | 1.09 (0.90–1.33) |
| Age ≥70 years | |||||
| No | 4546 | 318 | 33 157 | 11.9 (10.6–13.2) | Ref. |
| Yes | 1699 | 121 | 19 660 | 11.1 (9.2–13.2) | 0.64 (0.52–0.79) |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never | 2865 | 129 | 17 630 | 7.3 (6.1–8.7) | Ref. |
| Past | 4440 | 216 | 26 736 | 8.1 (7.0–9.2) | 1.10 (0.88–1.38) |
| Current | 1440 | 94 | 8433 | 11.2 (9.0–13.6) | 1.52 (1.16–2.00) |
| Current smokers | |||||
| Female | 857 | 41 | 5077 | 8.1 (5.8–11.0) | Ref. |
| Male | 583 | 53 | 3355 | 15.8 (11.8–20.7) | 1.96 (1.28–3.02) |
| Obesity | |||||
| No | 5939 | 299 | 36 036 | 8.3 (7.4–9.3) | Ref. |
| Yes | 1874 | 120 | 11 496 | 10.4 (8.7–12.5) | 1.26 (1.01–1.56) |