TABLE 4

Change in impulse oscillometry (IOS) measures per 1-sd increase in skin autofluorescence (SAF) (n=3970)

		Change in IOS measure per 1-sd increase in SAF (95% CI)	p-value
R₅ kPa·L⁻¹·s	Model 1	0.003 (0.00–0.006)	0.044
R₅ kPa·L⁻¹·s	Model 2	−0.001 (−0.003–0.002)	0.628
R₂₀ kPa·L⁻¹·s	Model 1	0.00 (−0.002–0.003)	0.732
R₂₀ kPa·L⁻¹·s	Model 2	−0.001 (−0.003–0.001)	0.337
R₅−R₂₀ kPa·L⁻¹·s	Model 1	0.002 (0.001–0.004)	0.002
R₅−R₂₀ kPa·L⁻¹·s	Model 2	0.00 (−0.001–0.002)	0.509
A_X kPa·L⁻¹	Model 1	0.020 (0.009–0.031)	0.001
A_X kPa·L⁻¹	Model 2	0.006 (−0.003–0.015)	0.229
f_res Hz	Model 1	0.253 (0.150–0.357)	<0.001
f_res Hz	Model 2	0.100 (−0.002–0.199)	0.054
X₅ kPa·L⁻¹·s	Model 1	−0.003 (−0.004– −0.002)	0.001
X₅ kPa·L⁻¹·s	Model 2	−0.001 (−0.003– −0.00006)	0.042

Model 1 adjusted for age, height and sex. Model 2 adjusted for age, height, sex, weight, smoking status (never-, ex- and current smokers), pack-years, estimated glomerular filtration rate, diabetes, log(glycated haemoglobin), log(plasma glucose) and log(C-reactive protein). R₅: resistance measured at 5 Hz; R₂₀: resistance measured at 20 Hz; A_X: area of reactance; f_res: resonant frequency; X₅: reactance measured at 5 Hz.