TABLE 1

Methods used to assess the need for an advanced practice nurse following steps 1–4 of the PEPPA framework

Step	PEPPA framework [15]	Adapted approach in our study	Method
1	Define patient population Describe current model of care	Define patient population Describe current model of care and determine need for a new model of care (based on evidence)	Scoping review of quantitative studies that describe COPD care in Switzerland
2	Identify stakeholders Recruit patients	Identify patient perspective on current model of care and determine need for new model of care	Synthesis of qualitative studies of patient perspectives (from various countries)
2	Identify stakeholders Recruit patients	Identify stakeholders' perspective on current model of care and their perceived view of the need for new model of care and harmonise with identified perspectives from evidence and patient perspective	Focus-group interviews with stakeholders
3	Determine need for a new model of care
4	Identify priority problems and goals to improve the model of care

PEPPA: participatory, evidence-based, patient-centred process for the development, introduction and evaluation of advanced practice nurse roles.