Total | Women | Men | p-value# | |
Subjects n (row %) | 6854 (100) | 3590 (52.4) | 3264 (47.6) | |
Age | ||||
Mean (sd) | 53.6 (16.5) | 53.3 (16.4) | 54.0 (16.5) | 0.047 |
Family history of asthma | 20.9 | 24.0 | 17.4 | <0.001 |
BMI categories | ||||
Normal (<25) | 42.5 | 51.0 | 33.3 | <0.001 |
Overweight (25–30) | 39.9 | 32.0 | 48.5 | <0.001 |
Obese (>30) | 17.6 | 16.9 | 18.2 | 0.080 |
Smoking habits | ||||
Nonsmoker | 61.1 | 60.2 | 62.0 | 0.130 |
Ex-smoker | 22.9 | 22.8 | 23.0 | 0.871 |
Current smoker <15 cig per day | 9.6 | 10.7 | 8.5 | 0.002 |
Current smoker ≥15 cig per day | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 0.987 |
Environmental exposure | ||||
Tobacco smoke | 21.5 | 20.9 | 22.1 | 0.206 |
Occupational exposure | ||||
Gas, dust and/or fumes | 28.2 | 14.7 | 43.1 | <0.001 |
Housing standard | ||||
Dampness | 6.9 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 0.718 |
Asthma, asthmatic wheeze and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis | ||||
Current asthma | 10.5 | 11.8 | 8.9 | <0.001 |
Allergic asthma | 6.3 | 7.2 | 5.5 | 0.004 |
Nonallergic asthma | 4.1 | 4.7 | 3.5 | 0.013 |
Asthmatic wheeze | 7.1 | 7.6 | 6.5 | 0.067 |
Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis | 24.8 | 25.4 | 24.1 | 0.217 |
Data are presented as column percentages, unless otherwise stated. #: comparing sexes by t-test for age, otherwise Pearson's Chi-squared test was used. BMI: body mass index; cig: cigarettes.