Baseline characteristics, interventions and outcomes of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
| Whole population (n=572) | Influenza virus alone | p-value | ||
| Yes (n=73) | No (n=499) | |||
| Baseline characteristics | ||||
| SAPS II score points | 52 (38–67) | 46 (35–61) | 57 (40–69) | 0.003 |
| SOFA score points | 10 (8–13) | 9 (7–11) | 10 (8–14) | <0.0001 |
| Age years | 58 (47–68) | 59 (49–66) | 58 (47–69) | 0.51 |
| Male sex | 364 (63) | 48 (66) | 316 (63) | 0.66 |
| Time of presentation to hospital to the ICU days | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–5) | 0.74 |
| Coexisting condition | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 66 (11) | 8 (11) | 58 (12) | 0.86 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 63 (11) | 9 (12) | 54 (11) | 0.70 |
| Valvular and/or coronary disease with treatment | 94 (17) | 10 (14) | 84 (17) | 0.49 |
| Aplasia and/or recent chemotherapy for solid tumour or haematological disease | 99 (17) | 11 (15) | 87 (17) | 0.62 |
| COPD | 126 (22) | 18 (25) | 108 (22) | 0.56 |
| Obesity | 147 (26) | 19 (26) | 128 (26) | 0.94 |
| Severe ARDS# | 349 (61) | 49 (67) | 300 (60) | 0.25 |
| Interventions | ||||
| Prone positioning | 261 (44) | 41 (56) | 219 (44) | 0.049 |
| Neuromuscular blockers | 568 (99) | 73 (100) | 495 (99) | 0.98 |
| Inhaled nitric oxide | 116 (20) | 20 (27) | 96 (19) | 0.10 |
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation | 58 (10) | 11 (15) | 47 (9) | 0.13 |
| Glucocorticoids | 336 (59) | 29 (40) | 307 (62) | 0.004 |
| Vasopressors | 512 (89) | 58 (79) | 452 (91) | 0.003 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 217 (38) | 18 (25) | 199 (39) | 0.01 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Ventilator associated pneumonia | 66 (11) | 9 (12) | 57 (11) | 0.82 |
| Mortality in the ICU | 230 (40) | 21 (29) | 209 (43) | 0.03 |
| Ventilator-free days at day 28 | 2 (0–16) | 5 (0–15) | 0 (0–17) | 0.14 |
| Mortality at day 28 | 197 (34) | 15 (20) | 182 (36) | 0.007 |
Data are presented as median (interquartile range) or n (%), unless otherwise stated. SAPS: Simplified Acute Physiology Score; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; ICU: intensive care unit. #: arterial oxygen tension/inspiratory oxygen fraction ratio ≤100 mmHg.