Clinical characteristics (n=224)
| Age years | 67.0±11.9 (31–95) |
| Male/female n | 50/174 |
| BMI kg·m−2 | 19.3±2.6 (13.2–26.8) |
| Smoker | 64 (28.6) |
| Smoking pack-years | 9±20 (0–135) |
| Previous history of pulmonary TB | 28 (12.5) |
| Comorbidities | 56 (25.0) |
| Asthma | 19 (8.5) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 15 (6.7) |
| COPD | 9 (4.0) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 7 (3.1) |
| Chronic interstitial pneumonia | 4 (1.8) |
| Chronic heart failure | 2 (0.9) |
| Pneumoconiosis | 1 (0.4) |
| Use of immunosuppressants | 8 (3.6) |
| Symptoms | 170 (75.9) |
| Cough | 141 (62.9) |
| Sputum | 108 (48.2) |
| Dyspnoea | 38 (17.0) |
| Haemoptysis | 49 (21.9) |
| Fever | 23 (10.3) |
| Fatigue | 15 (6.7) |
| Weight loss | 47 (21.0) |
| Positive sputum AFB smear | 74 (33.0) |
| Causative organisms | |
| Mycobacterium avium | 139 (62.1) |
| Mycobacterium intracellulare | 101 (45.1) |
| Co-infections# | 16 (7.1) |
| Radiological types | |
| Nodular bronchiectatic | 173 (77.2) |
| Fibrocavitary | 48 (21.4) |
| Unclassifiable | 3 (1.3) |
| MAC-PD score | 9.0±4.6 (2.0–26.0) |
| MAC-PD status | |
| Progressive disease¶ | 103 (46.0) |
| Stationary disease+ | 121 (54.0) |
| PPFE score | 0.9±1.4 (0.0–7.0) |
| Limited | 56 (25.0) |
| Extensive | 32 (14.3) |
| Presence of PPFE | 59 (26.3) |
| Presence of apical cap | 29 (12.9) |
Data are presented as mean±sd (range) or n (%), unless otherwise stated. BMI: body mass index; TB: tuberculosis; AFB: acid-fast bacilli; MAC-PD: M. avium complex pulmonary disease; PPFE: pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis. #: co-infections of M. avium and M. intracellulare; ¶: a case requiring multidrug treatment within 3 years of diagnosis due to clinical or radiological deterioration; +: a case stable for ≥3 years after diagnosis without clinical or radiological deterioration.