Predictors for annual decline of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (mL) (ΔFEV1 from maximum lung function (max0–2.5) during the first 2.5 years after diagnosis (after start of therapy) to 12-year follow-up visit) in 12-year follow-up in patients with not-controlled asthma as evaluated by multiple linear regression analysis (n=100)
| Unstandardised B coefficient (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Age at follow-up | −0.10 (−0.53–0.33) | 0.638 |
| Female | 12.46 (1.03–23.89) | 0.033 |
| BMI at follow-up | −1.03 (−2.05–0.00) | 0.049 |
| ≥10 pack-years at follow-up | −7.92 (−19.01–3.16) | 0.159 |
| ΔFEV1 mL (baseline−max0–2.5) | −0.024 (−0.04–−0.01) | 0.005 |
| FeNO >20 ppb | −23.48 (−35.99–−10.97) | <0.001 |
| Average 12-year adherence (<80%) to ICS | −10.36 (−20.37–−0.36) | 0.042 |
In univariate analysis, unstandardised B coefficient (95% CI) for average 12-year adherence (<80%) to ICS is −11.23 (−22.15–−0.32), p=0.044. BMI: body mass index; FeNO: exhaled nitric oxide fraction; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid.