CT categories | Estimate | 95% CI | p-value |
Model 1: FEV1 % pred | |||
Mild | Ref | ||
AD | −14.1 | −22.7–−5.5 | 0.002 |
ED | −11.3 | −19.1–−3.6 | 0.004 |
Mixed | −24.3 | −33.1–−15.5 | <0.001 |
Model 2: SAD% | |||
Mild | Ref | ||
AD | −1.2 | −5.8–3.5 | 0.62 |
ED | 5.3 | 1.1–9.4 | 0.01 |
Mixed | 9.7 | 4.9–14.4 | <0.001 |
Model 3: Mean LA (Main+intermedius) | |||
Mild | Ref | ||
AD | −17.1 | −27.7–−6.5 | 0.002 |
ED | 0.7 | −8.8–10.2 | 0.88 |
Mixed | −19.1 | −29.9–−8.2 | <0.001 |
COPD patients in the Kyoto–Himeji cohort were categorised into mild, airway disease-dominant (AD), emphysema-dominant (ED) and mixed groups based on wall area per cent of the segmental bronchus (WA%) and low attenuation volume per cent (LAV%) on inspiratory CT. Each multivariable linear regression model included the CT-categorisation (Reference: the mild group) age, sex, body mass index, smoking pack-years and CT scanner as independent variables. 95% CI: 95% confidence interval. FEV1 % pred: % predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s. SAD%: small airway dysfunction. “Mean LA” indicates the mean lumen area (LA) of the airways proximal to the segmental airways, including the right main and intermedius bronchus.