Association between the SERPINA1 Z allele and blood biomarkers in unrelated, European UK Biobank participants
| Biomarker | Heterozygous genetic model | Recessive genetic model | ||
| β±se | p-value | β±se | p-value | |
| Alanine aminotransferase U·L−1 | 1.163±0.112 | 2.95×10−25 | 3.037±1.246 | 0.015 |
| Albumin g·L−1 | 0.712±0.022 | 3.11×10−229 | 0.306±0.243 | 0.208 |
| Alkaline phosphatase U·L−1 | 2.968±0.213 | 5.81×10−44 | 2.379±2.373 | 0.316 |
| Apolipoprotein B g·L−1 | −0.0037±0.0021 | 0.082 | 0.042±0.024 | 0.086 |
| Apolipoprotein A g·L−1 | −0.0045±0.0019 | 0.020 | 0.019±0.022 | 0.375 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase U·L−1 | 0.707±0.086 | 2.27×10−16 | 6.353±0.956 | 3.04×10−11 |
| C-reactive protein mg·L−1 | −0.174±0.036 | 1.11×10−6 | 0.192±0.396 | 0.628 |
| Calcium mmol·L−1 | 0.012±0.00080 | 4.01×10−50 | 0.01±0.009 | 0.265 |
| Cholesterol mmol·L−1 | 0.0051±0.0092 | 0.576 | 0.19±0.102 | 0.063 |
| Creatinine μmol·L−1 | −0.067±0.129 | 0.601 | −0.94±1.435 | 0.512 |
| Cystatin C mg·L−1 | 0.0090±0.0013 | 8.91×10−12 | 0.019±0.015 | 0.204 |
| Direct bilirubin μmol·L−1 | 0.041±0.0073 | 1.64×10−8 | 0.158±0.079 | 0.046 |
| eGFR# | −0.241±0.157 | 0.125 | −1.810±1.732 | 0.296 |
| γ-Glutamyltransferase U·L−1 | 0.253±0.342 | 0.460 | 8.045±3.818 | 0.035 |
| Glucose mmol·L−1 | −0.0032±0.010 | 0.758 | −0.133±0.114 | 0.244 |
| HbA1c mmol·mol−1 | −0.187±0.052 | 3.40×10−4 | −1.781±0.588 | 2.46×10−3 |
| HDL–cholesterol mmol·L−1 | 0.0015±0.0030 | 0.605 | 0.142±0.033 | 2.01×10−5 |
| IGF-1 nmol·L−1 | −0.212±0.045 | 2.35×10−6 | −2.245±0.5 | 7.19×10−6 |
| LDL direct mmol·L−1 | 0.011±0.007 | 0.113 | 0.115±0.079 | 0.145 |
| Lipoprotein A nmol·L−1 | −0.324±0.452 | 0.474 | −0.151±5.115 | 0.976 |
| Oestradiol pmol·L−1 | 9.577±8.441 | 0.257 | 88.051±96.144 | 0.360 |
| Phosphate mmol·L−1 | 0.0027±0.0013 | 0.042 | −0.014±0.015 | 0.352 |
| Rheumatoid factor IU·mL−1 | 0.113±0.529 | 0.832 | −3.27±5.7 | 0.566 |
| SHBG nmol·L−1 | 4.531±0.218 | 1.06×10−95 | 40.573±2.402 | 5.33×10−64 |
| Testosterone nmol·L−1 | 0.37±0.023 | 1.84×10−57 | 2.986±0.258 | 6.96×10−31 |
| Total bilirubin μmol·L−1 | 0.146±0.035 | 3.54×10−5 | 0.52±0.391 | 0.184 |
| Total protein g·L−1 | 0.578±0.035 | 1.06×10−62 | 0.459±0.382 | 0.229 |
| Triglycerides mmol·L−1 | −0.023±0.0082 | 4.69×10−3 | −0.324±0.092 | 4.21×10−4 |
| Urate μmol·L−1 | 1.096±0.56 | 0.050 | −1.325±6.252 | 0.832 |
| Urea mmol·L−1 | 0.051±0.011 | 2.69×10−6 | 0.06±0.122 | 0.620 |
| Vitamin D nmol·L−1 | −0.041±0.175 | 0.816 | −2.547±1.955 | 0.193 |
Results are based on linear regression adjusting for sex, age, age2, ancestry-based principal components and genotyping array. The heterozygous or recessive genetic model was also included in the regression as shown. eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c: glycated haemoglobin; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; IGF: insulin-like growth factor; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; SHBG: sex hormone-binding globulin. #: calculated using the following formula: if cystatin C (cys)≤0.8, then eGFR=133*((cys/0.8)**−0.499)*(0.996**age)*[0.932 if female]; whereas if cys>0.8, then eGFR=133*((cys/0.8)**−1.328)*(0.996**age)*[0.932 if female].