Baseline characteristics, outcomes, radiological changes, side-effects and changes in therapy due to side-effects, stratified by treatment group
| Demographics | REM | REMAC | p-value |
| Patients | 25 | 19 | |
| Males | 10 (40%) | 9 (47.4%) | |
| Radiological subtype | 0.062 | ||
| Fibrocavitary | 13 (52%) | 15 (79%) | |
| Nodular–bronchiectatic | 12 (48%) | 4 (21%) | |
| COPD | 19 (76%) | 14 (73.7%) | |
| Lung cancer | 3 (12%) | 1 (5.3%) | |
| Asthma | 6 (24%) | 3 (15.8%) | |
| TB in history | 2 (8%) | 0 | |
| Immunodeficiency | 1(4%) | 4 (20%) | |
| Alcohol abuse | 4 (16%) | 5 (26.3%) | |
| Current smokers | 10 (40%) | 10 (52.6%) | |
| History of smoking | 7 (28%) | 4 (21.1%) | |
| Nonsmokers | 8 (32%) | 5 (26.3%) | |
| Inhaled corticosteroids | 15 (60%) | 8 (42%) | |
| Sputum Aspergillus yes/no/unknown | 8 (32%)/13/4 | 2 (10.5%)/9/8 | |
| Prednisone | 2(8%) | 3 (16%) | |
| Surgery | 2 (8%) | 0 | |
| Hypertonic saline inhalation | 6 (24%) | 5 (26.3%) | |
| Treatment duration, weeks, median (range) | 63 (35–90) | 69 (36–103) | |
| Mycobacterium avium | 11 (44%) | 9 (45%) | |
| Mycobacterium avium complex | 6 (24%) | 2 (10%) | |
| Mycobacterium intracellulare | 6 (24%) | 7 (35%) | |
| Mycobacterium chimaera | 2 (8%) | 2 (10%) | |
| Outcomes | |||
| Microbiological cure | 13 (52%) | 14 (74%) | 0.337 |
| Clinical cure | 7 (28%) | 3 (16%) | 0.474 |
| Recurrence | 2 | 2 | 0.641 |
| Therapy failure | 5 (20%) | 2 (11%) | 0.680 |
| Mortality | 9 (28%) | 4 (20%) | 0.335 |
| Clinical improvement | 17 (71%) | 15 (79%) | 0.403 |
| Radiological change# | 0.942 | ||
| Better | 13 (54%) | 9 (43%) | |
| Stable | 9 (38%) | 7 (41%) | |
| Worse | 2 (8%) | 1 (6%) | |
| Adverse events | |||
| Adverse events occurred | 14 (56%) | 16 (84%) | 0.046 |
| Perceptive hearing loss | 0 | 7 (37%) | 0.001 |
| Tinnitus | 0 | 8 (42%) | 0.000 |
| Gastrointestinal complaints | 12 (48%) | 4 (21%) | 0.062 |
| Hepatotoxicity | 1 (4%) | 1 (5%) | 0.683 |
| Blurry vision | 2 (8%) | 0 | 0.317 |
| Skin discolouration | 0 | 1 (5%) | 0.432 |
| Eye discolouration | 0 | 1 (5%) | 0.432 |
| Leukopenia | 3 (12%) | 1 (5%) | 0.415 |
| Rash | 2 (8%) | 2 (11%) | 0.585 |
| Dizziness | 2 (8%) | 2 (10%) | 0.585 |
| Arthralgia | 0 | 1 | 0.432 |
| Alopecia | 1 (4%) | 1 (5%) | 0.683 |
| Nephrotoxicity | 0 | 0 | |
| Therapy changed | 5 (20%) | 10 (52%) | 0.026 |
| Therapy ceased | 3 (12%) | 3 (16%) | 0.525 |
R: rifamycin; E: ethambutol; M: macrolide; A: amikacin; C: clofazimine; TB: tuberculosis. #: no radiological (follow-up) data were available for analysis in three cases.